Data regarding the effects of isoflavones on BMI were described by six RCTs. The Canadian RCT 40 , revealed a BMI reduction only in the PA-PP group. Another Spanish RCT 27 with a months duration showed a greater BMI decrease in the PA-PP compared to the PA group. Table 4. Changes of the outcomes after the intervention with physical activity programs and polyphenols.

Isoflavone supplementation plus PA treatment but not PA alone caused a statistically significant total body fat mass loss in two of the RCTs 27 , Moreover, one study reported trunk fat mass loss only in PA-PP group but not in PA alone Two studies that administrated green tea capsule and beverage with small amount of caffeine, did not reported greater results for weight, BMI, WC, and total body fat 42 , Green tea catechins with smaller amount of caffeine plus PA 39 mg caused significant abdominal fat reduce, but not PA treatment alone Twelve of the fifteen selected studied informed about the adverse events due to polyphenols supplementation, while four did not do it 34 , 40 , No adverse events occurred in the rest of the RCTs.

Standardized risk of bias assessment was conducted following these domains: i randomization process; ii deviation from the intended intervention; iii missing outcome data; iv measurement of the outcome; and v selection of the reported studies Table 5.

Three of the RCTs presented a low risk of bias in the five domains 32 , 33 , Statement of randomization was reported, but the randomization method and allocation concealment were not specified in seven studies 28 , 35 , 37 , 38 , 40 , 41 , However, differences between groups at baseline on these studies did not suggest a major problem with the randomization process.

In any case, their bias due to the randomization process was classified at medium risk. Six RCTs did not perform a double-blind design, thus did not fulfill the low risk criteria of deviation from the intended intervention 27 , 34 , 37 , 38 , 41 , Only seven studies were classified at low risk of missing outcome data 28 , 32 — 34 , 36 , 42 , Six of the RCTs did not fulfill the same criteria, mainly for two reasons: i the high rate of drop-outs or loss of follow-up and; ii the lack of an adequate analysis method that correct this bias 27 , 37 — The bias of missing outcome data was not assessed in two studies due to the lack of relevant information for judgment 26 , All studies used objective standardized body composition measures and assessed them properly, thus they were free of bias regarding the measurement of the outcomes.

Selection of the reported results bias was also evaluated at low risk for all included studies. In this review, we have summarized the additional effects of polyphenol supplementation on body weight, BMI, WC, and body fat changes when combined with CRD and PA in adults with overweight or obesity.

Comparing CRD or PA intervention groups with vs. without polyphenols helped to understand how polyphenols affect the efficacy of the CRD or PA on body composition parameters. The types of polyphenol supplementation were; isoflavone capsule and soybean extract, cocoa extract, grapefruit, and grapefruit juice, epigallocatechin gallate capsule, green tea capsule, and beverage, and resveratrol capsule.

Isoflavone supplementation showed some additional effects in weight and fat loss during PA in overweight or obese postmenopausal women in the non-Asian studies. No additional effects were indicated for other types of polyphenols during CRD or PA.

In addition, these RCTs investigated the effects of polyphenol supplementation on several cardiometabolic parameters related to obesity, showing some protective results on insulin resistance and inflammation markers. Complementing CRD with one to three months of polyphenol supplementation did not provide any additional effect on weight and fat loss in overweight and obese adults.

The results are consistent with findings from a previous review 17 , showing that three months could be insufficient to detect significant polyphenol anti-obesity effects. CRD triggers adaptive responses by declining energy expenditure, which may persist for at least one year after the weight loss Studies that assessed the effects of polyphenols after diet-induced weight loss found a prevention of weight regain by polyphenols 45 , These findings suggest that polyphenols might be more effective after the dynamic phase of the CRD in order to favor weight maintenance rather than for reducing weight per se during the CRD.

In comparison with CRD, the efficacy of PA was increased in some studies when polyphenols were added. It is important to bear in mind that the number of studies that assessed the effects of isoflavones in this review was larger and had longer duration 6 to 24 months.

Particularly, mixture isoflavone supplementation genistein, daidzein, glycitein enhances the effects of PA aerobic plus resistance exercise on body composition parameters.

Indeed, a higher loss of body weight and fat after PA plus isoflavone was observed compared to PA alone, in postmenopausal women of non-Asian studies 27 , Although, the mean weight loss of 1. Isoflavones are flavonoids found mostly in soy products and are known as phytooestrogene due to their anti- and estrogenic properties.

Adipose tissue express estrogen receptors, therefore, phytoestrogens may affect body composition directly by binding these receptors 48 , then inhibiting lipogenesis and increasing lipolysis Similarly to our findings, in a previous meta-analysis of RCTs phytoestrogens alone including isoflavones showed a significant decrease in body weight in healthy postmenopausal women that received isoflavone mixture supplementations A subsequent meta-analysis in provided higher effectiveness of overall soy products in pre-menopausal women and in overweight or obese Asian participants The last meta-analysis 15 did not analyze the interaction between soy components and body weight which could have provided more insights into the weight-reducing role of each soy components: isoflavones, protein and fiber Soy protein and fiber may confound the effectiveness of isoflavone by increasing satiety Actually, an earlier meta-analysis that performed separate analysis for soy and isoflavones found anti-obesity effect of soy but not for isoflavone Overall, it is difficult to establish the role of isoflavone in weight and fat loss because there are relevant differences between reviews 15 , 50 , 53 regarding the population ethnicity, menopausal and health status, and type and dose of isoflavone supplementation.

A part from weight and fat loss, isoflavone supplementation showed improvement in liver function 26 , inflammation 27 , 37 , and glycemia in women with insulin resistance Although, two of the studies reported some beneficial effects in the fat free mass 28 , 40 , the majority did not observe any modification 26 , 27 , 37 — Blood pressure and lipid profile of healthy women were not affected by isoflavones.

Actually, the cardio-protective potential of isoflavone is stronger in persons with established hypertension 54 or hypercholesteremia Cocoa and its products e.

The addition of 1. From animal studies, it has been suggested that the equivalent dose to a daily amount of 54 g of cocoa powder in human is necessary to have beneficial effects against obesity No additional effects of cocoa occurred in glucose and insulin levels, but beneficial effects were noticed in oxidation status Ibero-Baraibar and coworkers 57 also assessed the effects of cocoa in depression and found a decline of depressive symptoms only in the cocoa group.

This is actually an important finding that could be considered in future cocoa-obesity-related research, as depression and obesity have a bidirectional relationship To our knowledge, few human studies have investigated the implication of grapefruit polyphenols on body weight and fat.

These results are also in accordance with a meta-analysis of three RCTs that reported no influence of grapefruit on body weight The effectiveness of a grapefruit capsule, juice and fruit supplementation on weight has shown to be greater in participants with metabolic syndrome compare to healthy subjects The safety of different forms of grapefruit polyphenols intake at high doses deserves further investigation.

In the RCT by Silver et al. The results of the selected studies in this review were not supportive for any extra anti-obesity effects of green tea polyphenols catechins during CRD treatment. Diepvens et al. Dulloo et al. Another potential explanation of the null effects of green tea could be the ethnicity of the participants of this review.

It has been suggested that green tea may have greater influence in Asian rather than non-Asian participants 62 due to the genetic difference in the catechol O-methyltransferase COMT enzyme Green tea catechins inhibit COMT that degrades norepinephrine, which prolongs the action of sympathetically released norepinephrine, a key mediator to increase energy expenditure and promote the oxidation of fat Caffeine intake is a potential co-factor that should be considered when analyzing green tea activity.

In the RCT of Diepvens et al. The administration of green tea catechins without caffeine could not affect the anthropometric measures The intervention of three months with epigallocatechin-gallate during PA treatment, also, did not result in an additional reduction of weight and fat A meta-analysis of Kapoor et al.

Thus, the relation of epigallocatechin-gallate and body weight, merit prospective research, especially long-term clinical trials. These discrepancies in results indicate that effects of green tea might be more evident in subjects with higher BMI. Incorporating green tea catechins in conventional strategies CRD and PA did not change their effects in glycemia 33 , 41 , 42 , blood pressure 35 , 41 , lipid profile 33 , 41 , 42 , and anti-inflammatory components leptin, adiponectin and C-reactive protein 33 , However, green tea showed a significantly greater decrease of glucose in persons with glucose intolerance 41 , and a higher decline of triglycerides among participants with high triglyceride levels before the intervention Body lean mass was not affected by green tea during PA treatment 41 , One study also reported no influence in exercise performance by considering the changes of oxygen consumption peak VO 2 It is suggested that the improvement of exercise performance by green tea could be attributed, at least partly, to muscle glycogen sparing due to the stimulation of whole-body fat utilization Therefore, this approach have been followed in physically fit subjects and showing an increase of whole-body fat utilization Resveratrol is a stilbene present in the skin of grapes, blueberries, raspberries as well as wine that can improve the metabolic syndrome However, these results 70 presented a large heterogeneity regarding dosage and duration.

Thus, further studies with established doses are warranted for a better comprehension of the anti-obesity potential of resveratrol. Although, weight and fat loss did not reach statistically significance in the Faghihzadeh et al.

Indeed, the current evidence is mostly supportive for the potential liver and cardio-protective effects of resveratrol Our review has some strengths. Firstly, this is the first review summarizing the additional effects of polyphenol supplementation in addition to a conventional obesity therapy CRD and PA.

Secondly, we did not restrict the study selection regarding the gender of participants, their health status, ethnicity, and type of polyphenol supplemented.

We considered these differences during the interpretation of the results and a comprehensive understanding of the overall evidence was reached. However, some limitation should be also considered. The number of eligible and selected studies was small. Non-English studies were excluded, so we probably missed few studies, especially some Asian RCTs.

Furthermore, the body composition parameters were not primary outcomes in all the included RCTs, and therefore, some data was missing. Due to incomplete data and the small number of studies, it was not feasible to perform a meta-analysis. Moreover, the included studies also presented some methodological drawbacks.

Generally, they had a short duration, so the prolonged effects of polyphenols remain unclear. The small number of participants in most of the studies caused a low statistical power to identify significant differences.

The compliance to polyphenol intake among the participants was uncertain in several of the studies. Only two RCTs 32 , 39 measured it by plasma or urine metabolites, five RCTs counted the consumed containers 26 , 34 , 36 , 42 , 43 and eight did not report anything.

Diet and PA outside the study protocol was not controlled in the majority of the RCTs. Moreover, some bias was detected regarding the randomization process, blindness and the missing outcome data bias.

The methodological drawbacks should be considered by future researchers to minimize or avoid them. Findings from this review also suggest that the effects of polyphenols in metabolic parameters might be stronger in patients with already cardiometabolic diseases.

Based on the current evidence, the anti-obesity potential of CRD and PA was not improved by adding other types of polyphenols.

There is some evidence suggesting that polyphenols may be more effective in weight maintenance rather than inducing weight loss. Moreover, new RCTs should also focus on investigating the plausible implicated pathways to obesity, such as energy expenditure, fat metabolism, and appetite.

FL and RZ-R contributed to conception and design, screening of the article, data extraction and assessing the quality of the studies. FL wrote the first draft and RZ-R critically revised and edited the manuscript.

Both authors read and approved the final manuscript. ERDF, a way to build Europe. The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

RCT, randomized clinical trial; CRD, calorie restricted diet; PA, physical activity; CRD-PP, calorie restricted diet plus polyphenol supplementation; PA-PP, physical activity plus polyphenol supplementation; WC, waist circumference. Swift DL, Houmard JA, Slentz CA, Kraus WE.

Effects of aerobic training with and without weight loss on insulin sensitivity and lipids. PLoS ONE. doi: PubMed Abstract CrossRef Full Text Google Scholar. Weiss EP, Albert SG, Reeds DN, Kress KS, Mcdaniel JL, Klein S, et al.

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Many people turn to anti-obesity polyphenol supplements to complete their weight loss programs. Many weight loss supplements contain polyphenols, so it can be challenging to determine which one to choose. Because various polyphenols work in different ways, the best approach is often to select a product that includes at least two polyphenols to support weight loss.

Body Kitchen TrimGlo with DygloFit contains two essential polyphenols:. Although polyphenol dietary supplements may help you lose weight naturally without relying on stimulant prescription diet pills, they can still cause side effects in some people and may interact with some medications.

As a result, you should consult your health care provider before taking any new dietary supplement for weight loss. I love how this doesn't make me jittery as I try to cut weight.

I don't know what it is, but I seem to feel fuller longer. SHOP BY CATEGORY BEAUTY NATURAL SOLUTIONS BUNDLES SHOP ALL. LEARN ABOUT BLOG GET IN TOUCH. SHOP BY CATEGORY BEAUTY NATURAL SOLUTIONS BUNDLES.

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What Are Polyphenols? Benefits of Polyphenols for Weight Loss When it comes to weight loss, polyphenols may provide the following benefits: Aiding in post-exercise recovery: Antioxidants may help your body repair muscle fibers after workouts to enhance results.

Supporting fat burning: Some polyphenols have been shown to interfere with a major enzyme that causes your body to store fat. In doing so, they may boost metabolism function and potentially allow you to burn more fat.

Managing blood sugar: Polyphenols may have the ability to increase glucose uptake. Excess glucose in the bloodstream can be converted to body fat so that this action may discourage fat formation. Polyphenol-Rich Foods Polyphenols are found in many foods.

Some of the best sources include: Almonds Beans Black raisins Blackberries Blueberries Cloves Dark chocolate Garlic Hazelnuts Onion Pecans Pomegranates Raspberries Red wine Spinach Strawberries Tea Walnuts Unfortunately, some items like dark chocolate, nuts, and beans are also calorie-dense foods.

Best Polyphenols for Weight Loss Many weight loss supplements contain polyphenols, so it can be challenging to determine which one to choose. Body Kitchen TrimGlo with DygloFit contains two essential polyphenols: DygloFit: DygloFit is an extract of the Dichrostachys glomerata fruit from West Africa standardized to maximize its polyphenol content.

One study found that people who took milligrams per day lost Green tea extract: Green tea extract contains EGCG, a polyphenol that disrupts the process that triggers fat storage.

Polyphenol may encourage your body to burn more fat in response to diet and exercise.

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J Roy Stat Soc B Met. Download references. We thank the DIRECT-PLUS participants for their valuable contributions. We thank the California Walnut Commission, Wissotzky Tea Company, and Hinoman, Ltd.

for kindly supplying food items for this study. We thank Dr. Dov Brikner, Efrat Pupkin, Eyal Goshen, Avi Ben Shabat, Benjamin Sarusi, and Evyatar Cohen from the Nuclear Research Center Negev and Liz Shabtai from Ben-Gurion University of the Negev for their valuable contributions to this study.

This work was supported by grants from the German Research Foundation DFG , German Research Foundation - project number - SFB ; B11 to I. Klöting, and M. Blüher; Israel Ministry of Health grant to I.

Shai ; Israel Ministry of Science and Technology grant to I. Shai , and the California Walnuts Commission to I. None of the funding providers was involved in any stage of the design, conduct, or analysis of the study, and they had no access to the study results before publication.

Department of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany. Nora Kloting, Uta Ceglarek, Berend Isermann, Michael Stumvoll, Rita Nana Quayson, Martin von Bergen, Beatrice Engelmann, Ulrike E.

Department of Engineering, Sapir Academic College, Ashkelon, Israel. Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research HI-MAG of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.

Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA. Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar.

HZ had full access to all the data in the study and take responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis.

Concept and design: IS. Conduct of the study: HZ, AK, AYM, ER, GT, and IS. Collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data: all authors. Review and approval of the manuscript: all authors.

Statistical analysis: HZ. Supervision: IS. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Correspondence to Iris Shai.

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Adherence to the intervention. Sensitivity analysis. Inclusion and Exclusion criteria. Physical activity recommendations protocol.

Polyphenol-rich foods, provided at no cost to participants. Magnetic resonance imaging. Clinical parameters, laboratory methodology, and blood and urine polyphenols assessments. Sample size and power calculations. DIRECT PLUS flow chart. Heatmap of abdominal adipose depots and metabolic and cardiovascular parameters at baseline.

Illustrative MRI image. The association between Mankai consumption and lipid profile change among the green-MED group DIRECT PLUS. Table S1. Outline of dietary and PA recommendations.

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Reprints and permissions. In particular, though, the following foods are particularly rich in them:. Polyphenol supplements may interact with certain prescription medications though, so be mindful of that.

Whether or not polyphenols are right for you is a more complex question than for certain other health supplements. Marnie Luck, ND, possesses an academic background from McGill University and the Canadian College of Naturopathic Medicine.

With distinctive certifications in pelvic floor therapy and menopause management, she combines her expertise to provide comprehensive naturopathic care. Annex Naturopathic Clinic is committed to creating high quality and medically reviewed content to help educate readers on subjects related to their health and wellness.

Here is how we achieve this goal:. Writing: Our content is meticulously researched and written by our practitioners who source details from highly-respected databases, academic journals, and scientific articles in the field of medicine and healthcare.

Our practitioners also include insights from their robust clinical practices. Editing: Each article is carefully edited by a peer reviewer a senior practitioner to ensure accuracy, clarity, and relevance.

Medically Verified: The article is thoroughly reviewed and verified by a registered naturopathic doctor from Annex Naturopathic Clinic to ensure the factual accuracy of medical facts, assumptions, and interpretations within the content.

Health Benefits Of Polyphenols By:. Article contents. Some of them are simple enough to understand. What on Earth are these things? The answers to those questions are for another article.

Read on to find out more. What Are Polyphenols? Polyphenols are organic chemicals that come from a number of different plant-based foods. To get the most from natural fat burners, it is best to include them as part of a balanced, healthful diet.

Do not rely on them to burn fat on their own or assume that eating a new food will produce instant results. Weight loss is ultimately the result of burning more calories than one consumes. Reducing daily calorie intake and doing more exercise is the best way to lose weight naturally.

A doctor or dietician can provide advice on suitable weight loss programs and help a person set realistic goals. Planning meals in advance can also help when trying to stick to a daily calorie limit.

Another tip is to always have a supply of healthful, low-calories snacks to hand. These snacks can help curb hunger cravings between meals.

There is no miracle cure for losing weight. To lose weight, a person needs to burn more calories than they consume. The best way to do this naturally is by eating less and exercising more. What are the best exercises for weight loss? Find out the best types of exercise for weight loss, according to research, and get other useful tips.

HUM nutrition offers a range of products to support a person's health. Here is our review for Here, we review mindbodygreen supplements, online courses, and the brand's reputation.

Having low levels of vitamin K may indicate a higher risk of having poorer lung function and conditions such as asthma and chronic obstructive….

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Medically reviewed by Daniel Bubnis, M. Protein Polyphenols Caffeine Probiotics Green tea Fruit Preloading Fat-burning pills Tips for using Other ways to lose weight Summary To lose weight, a person needs to burn more calories than they take in.

Share on Pinterest Eating meals high in protein may help a person feel fuller for longer. Share on Pinterest Consuming food that contains probiotics will help support the digestive system. Green tea. Fat-burning pills. Tips for using natural fat burners. Other natural ways to lose weight. Share on Pinterest Cycling to work will help burn additional calories.

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Broadly speaking, there are two ways to do that — support the growth of beneficial bacteria, and suppress the growth of harmful bacteria. In particular, they can promote the growth of bifidobacteria, and fight off salmonella, E. coli, and C. As well, polyphenols have been shown effective in managing a number of digestive disorders, including inflammatory bowel diseases and peptic ulcers.

In general, you can get polyphenols from most plant-based foods. In particular, though, the following foods are particularly rich in them:. Polyphenol supplements may interact with certain prescription medications though, so be mindful of that.

Whether or not polyphenols are right for you is a more complex question than for certain other health supplements. Marnie Luck, ND, possesses an academic background from McGill University and the Canadian College of Naturopathic Medicine.

With distinctive certifications in pelvic floor therapy and menopause management, she combines her expertise to provide comprehensive naturopathic care. Annex Naturopathic Clinic is committed to creating high quality and medically reviewed content to help educate readers on subjects related to their health and wellness.

Here is how we achieve this goal:. Writing: Our content is meticulously researched and written by our practitioners who source details from highly-respected databases, academic journals, and scientific articles in the field of medicine and healthcare. Our practitioners also include insights from their robust clinical practices.

Editing: Each article is carefully edited by a peer reviewer a senior practitioner to ensure accuracy, clarity, and relevance. Medically Verified: The article is thoroughly reviewed and verified by a registered naturopathic doctor from Annex Naturopathic Clinic to ensure the factual accuracy of medical facts, assumptions, and interpretations within the content.

Health Benefits Of Polyphenols By:. Article contents. Some of them are simple enough to understand. What on Earth are these things? The answers to those questions are for another article. Read on to find out more. What Are Polyphenols? Polyphenols are organic chemicals that come from a number of different plant-based foods.

Quercetin, for example, is one of the better known polyphenols. Other polyphenols include: Curcumin Kaempferol Catechins Lignans Capsaicin Anthocyanins Health Benefits Of Polyphenols From a human health perspective, polyphenols offer a number of different health benefits. As well, curcumin is well-known for its anti-inflammatory properties.

May Help Regulate Body Weight Losing weight is an ongoing concern in modern society. It seems like polyphenols may hold a solution for weight loss. Euterpe oleracea Mart. Panchal SK, Poudyal H, Waanders J, Brown L.

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Biomed Res Inter. Keywords: vegetable foodstuffs, fish foodstuff, metabolic diseases, α-linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid.

Citation: Siroma TK, Machate DJ, Zorgetto-Pinheiro VA, Figueiredo PS, Marcelino G, Hiane PA, Bogo D, Pott A, Cury ERJ, Guimarães RdCA, Vilela MLB, Ferreira RdS and Nascimento VAd Polyphenols and ω-3 PUFAs: Beneficial Outcomes to Obesity and Its Related Metabolic Diseases.

Received: 18 October ; Accepted: 29 November ; Published: 17 January Copyright © Siroma, Machate, Zorgetto-Pinheiro, Figueiredo, Marcelino, Hiane, Bogo, Pott, Cury, Guimarães, Vilela, Ferreira and Nascimento. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY.