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Cancer Prevention on Your Plate: 7 Foods to Keep You HealthyGreen tea and cancer -
Caffeine may contribute to regulating blood vessel homeostasis [ , ]. Most studies on green tea and type 2 diabetes-related outcomes are RCTs. Previous reviews including meta-analyses on tea and diabetes did not always report results separately for green compared to other teas partially due to limited original papers [ ].
The findings for green tea and diabetes-related health outcomes in this review were inconclusive with some studies suggesting reduced fasting blood glucose though this may largely vary depending on varies factors related to the exposure such as dose and duration as well as individual characteristics such as age, BMI and physical activity as well as other known risk factors of type 2 diabetes.
BMI-related studies emphasize weight loss through via the following mechanisms. First, catechins inhibiting catechol-O-methyltransferase which stimulate the lipolytic route; second, modulation of gut microbiota, and third act on white adipose tissue, elevated in obesity, stores fatty acids [ , ] Fig.
The current review provides a broad scope of integrated evidence from meta-analyses including original studies using various study designs such as cohort, case-controls studies and RCTs and reports.
The main limitation is the lack of quantitative summary effects due to the large variety of data informing the study: study design, health outcomes, and exposure categories.
In addition, data were scarce on certain health outcomes of interest such as cognitive and oral health. The evidence on green tea consumption and health outcomes presented in this review suggests green tea may be favorable for cardiovascular disease, particularly stroke, and certain cancers such as endometrial, esophageal, lung, non-Hodgkins lymphoma, oral, and ovarian cancer.
More evidence is needed to assess the impact of green tea on breast, gastric, and liver cancer risk.
Additional studies could also help clarify the suggested null association with certain cancer sites: colorectal, pancreatic, and prostate cancer. Possible minor adverse events on health from green tea consumption were reported in one study, however these must be interpreted cautiously within the study context and possible finer dose-response implications.
The findings for green tea and diabetes risk were inconclusive. For BMI the current evidence suggests a possible weak association, while the evidence is stronger supporting a decrease in blood pressure from green tea.
More studies investigating a possible association between green tea consumption and other health outcomes such as cognition, injuries, respiratory disease would be informative to more completely assess the impact of green tea on human health. In conclusion, our review suggests green tea may have health benefits especially for cardiovascular disease and certain cancer sites.
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Green tea consumption and risk of breast cancer and recurrence—a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Ogunleye AA, Xue F, Michels KB. Green tea consumption and breast cancer risk or recurrence: a meta-analysis.
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Tea consumption and risk of breast cancer: a meta-analysis. Int J Clin Pharm Ther. Yu F, Jin Z, Jiang H, Xiang C, Tang J, Li T, et al. Tea consumption and the risk of five major cancers: a dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies.
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Association between green tea and colorectal cancer risk: a meta-analysis of 13 case-control studies. Wang ZH, Gao QY, Fang JY. Green tea and incidence of colorectal cancer: evidence from prospective cohort studies. Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Wu X, Xiang M, Ma Y.
Tea consumption reduces the incidence of gallbladder cancer based on a meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies. Sci China Life Sci. Green tea, black tea and colorectal cancer risk: a meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies.
Yi Y, Liang H, Jing H, Jian Z, Guang Y, Jun Z, et al. Green tea consumption and esophageal cancer risk: a meta-analysis. Sang LX, Chang B, Li XH, Jiang M. Green tea consumption and risk of esophageal cancer: a meta-analysis of published epidemiological studies. Zheng JS, Yang J, Fu YQ, Huang T, Huang YJ, Li D.
Effects of green tea, black tea, and coffee consumption on the risk of esophageal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.
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Green tea and gastric cancer risk: meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies. PubMed Google Scholar. Huang Y, Chen H, Zhou L, Li G, Yi D, Zhang Y, et al.
Association between green tea intake and risk of gastric cancer: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of observational studies. Public Health Nutr. Myung SK, Bae WK, Oh SM, Kim Y, Ju W, Sung J, et al.
Green tea consumption and risk of stomach cancer: a meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies. Int J Cancer. Kang H, Rha SY, Oh KW, Nam CM. Green tea consumption and stomach cancer risk: a meta-analysis. Epidemiol Health. Huang YQ, Lu X, Min H, Wu QQ, Shi XT, Bian KQ, et al. Green tea and liver cancer risk: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies in Asian populations.
Ni CX, Gong H, Liu Y, Qi Y, Jiang CL, Zhang JP. Green tea consumption and the risk of liver cancer: a meta-analysis. Yin X, Yang J, Li T, Song L, Han T, Yang M, et al. The effect of green tea intake on risk of liver disease: a meta analysis.
Int J Clin Exp Med. PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar. Fon Sing M, Yang WS, Gao S, Gao J, Xiang YB. Epidemiological studies of the association between tea drinking and primary liver cancer: a meta-analysis.
Tanaka K, Tamakoshi A, Sugawara Y, Mizoue T, Inoue M, Sawada N, et al. Coffee, green tea and liver cancer risk: an evaluation based on a systematic review of epidemiologic evidence among the Japanese population. Jpn J Clin Oncol.
Guo Z, Jiang M, Luo W, Zheng P, Huang H, Sun B. Association of lung cancer and tea-drinking habits of different subgroup populations: meta-analysis of case-control studies and cohort studies. Iran J Public Health.
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CAS Google Scholar. Zeng JL, Li ZH, Wang ZC, Zhang HL. The green tea infusions, however, were 10 to times more potent, inhibiting the activity of tNOX at dilutions ranging from one part tea per 1, to 10, parts water.
Their studies, done with cultured cells and with purified NOX protein in solutions, found that EGCg was capable of inhibiting the tNOX activity of cancer cells at low doses -- such as those that could be derived from drinking several cups of green tea per day -- but did not inhibit the NOX activity of healthy cells.
The Morres also found that EGCg inhibits the growth of, and kills, cancerous human mammary cells in culture, but does not kill cultured, non-cancerous human mammary cells. The Purdue team also determined how the cancer cells died. Dorothy Morre says that further work is needed to understand how tNOX works in cancer cell growth.
Sources: Dorothy Morre, ; e-mail, morred cfs. edu James Morre, ; e-mail, Morre pharmacy. The main polyphenol in green tea is epigallocatechin gallate EGCG.
Scientific studies suggest that EGCG and green tea polyphenols have anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties that may help prevent the development and growth of skin tumors. Stomach cancer. Laboratory studies have found that green tea polyphenols inhibit the growth of stomach cancer cells in test tubes, however, studies in people have been less conclusive.
In two studies that compared green tea drinkers with nondrinkers, researchers found that people who drank tea were about half as likely to develop stomach cancer and stomach inflammation as those who did not drink green tea.
However, a clinical study with more than 26, men and women in Japan found no association between green tea and stomach cancer risk.
Some studies even suggest that green tea may increase the risk of stomach cancer. Green tea may help reduce inflammation associated with Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis, the two types of IBD. If green tea proves to help prevent colon cancer, it would also help those with IBD because they are at higher risk for colon cancer.
Green tea has been used traditionally to control blood sugar levels. Animal studies suggest that green tea may help prevent the development of type 1 diabetes and slow the progression once it has developed.
In people with type 1 diabetes, their bodies make little or no insulin, which helps convert glucose or sugar into energy. Green tea may help regulate glucose in the body. Research also suggests that regular consumption of green tea may help manage type 2 diabetes.
Population-based studies have shown that men who drink more than 10 cups of green tea per day are less likely to develop liver problems. Green tea also seems to protect the liver from the damaging effects of toxic substances such as alcohol.
Animal studies have shown that green tea helps protect against liver tumors in mice. Results from several animal and human studies suggest that plant chemicals in green tea called catechins, may help treat viral hepatitis, an inflammation of the liver.
In these studies, catechin was used by itself in very high amounts. It is not clear whether green tea, which has a lower concentration of catechins, would have the same benefits. It is important to note that 10 cups of green tea a day could cause problems due to high levels of caffeine.
Ask your doctor about the best way to include green tea in your treatment. Clinical studies suggest that green tea extract may boost metabolism and help burn fat. One study found that the combination of green tea and caffeine improved weight loss and maintenance in people who were overweight and moderately obese.
However, other studies show no benefit. Preliminary studies suggest that drinking green tea can help prevent dental cavities. More research is needed. Green tea may also be useful in inflammatory diseases, such as arthritis. Research suggests that green tea may help arthritis by reducing inflammation and slowing the breakdown of cartilage.
Chemicals in green tea may help treat genital warts, treat dermatologic conditions, and prevent symptoms of colds and flu. Green tea may play a role in preventing Parkinson disease, cognitive decline, and osteoporosis.
Studies also show that drinking green tea is associated with reduced risk of dying from any cause. Green, black, and oolong tea are all derived from the leaves of the Camellia sinensis plant. Originally cultivated in East Asia, this plant grows as large as a shrub or tree.
Today, Camellia sinensis grows throughout Asia and parts of the Middle East and Africa. People in Asian countries more commonly consume green and oolong tea while black tea is most popular in the United States.
Green tea is prepared from unfermented leaves, the leaves of oolong tea are partially fermented, and black tea is fully fermented. The more the leaves are fermented, the lower the polyphenol content and the higher the caffeine content. Green tea has the highest polyphenol content while black tea has roughly 2 to 3 times the caffeine content of green tea.
Researchers think the health properties of green tea are mostly due to polyphenols, chemicals with potent antioxidant potential. In fact, the antioxidant effects of polyphenols seem to be greater than vitamin C.
The polyphenols in green tea also give it a somewhat bitter flavor. Polyphenols contained in teas are classified as catechins. Green tea contains six primary catechin compounds: catechin, gallaogatechin, epicatechin, epigallocatechin, epicatechin gallate, and apigallocatechin gallate also known as EGCG.
EGCG is the most studied polyphenol component in green tea and the most active. Green tea also contains alkaloids including caffeine, theobromine, and theophylline.
They provide green tea's stimulant effects. L-theanine, an amino acid compound found in green tea, has been studied for its calming effects on the nervous system. Most green tea dietary supplements are sold as dried leaf tea in capsule form. Look for standardized extracts of green tea.
There are also liquid extracts made from the leaves and leaf buds. The average cup of green tea contains 50 to mg polyphenols antioxidants.
Decaffeinated green tea products contain concentrated polyphenols. Caffeine-free supplements are available. Depending on the brand, 2 to 3 cups of green tea per day for a total of to mg polyphenols or to mg per day of standardized green tea extract is recommended.
Caffeine-free products are available and recommended. The use of herbs is a time-honored approach to strengthening the body and treating disease. However, herbs contain active substances that can trigger side effects and interact with other herbs, supplements, or medications. For these reasons, people should take herbs with care, under the supervision of a practitioner knowledgeable in the field of botanical medicine.
People with heart problems or high blood pressure, kidney problems, liver problems, stomach ulcers, and psychological disorders, particularly anxiety, should not take green tea. Pregnant and breastfeeding women should also avoid green tea. People with anemia, diabetes, glaucoma, or osteoporosis should ask their health care provider before drinking green tea or taking an extract.
People who drink large amounts of caffeine, including caffeine from green tea, for long periods of time may experience irritability, insomnia, heart palpitations, and dizziness.
Caffeine overdose can cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headaches, and loss of appetite. If you are drinking a lot of tea and start to vomit or have abdominal spasms, you may have caffeine poisoning.
If your symptoms are severe, lower your caffeine intake and see your health care provider. If you are being treated with any of the following medications, you should not drink green tea or take green tea extract without first talking to your health care provider:.
Green tea may inhibit the actions of adenosine, a medication given in the hospital for an irregular and usually unstable heart rhythm.
Green tea may increase the effectiveness of beta-lactam antibiotics by making bacteria less resistant to treatment.
Caffeine, including caffeine from green tea, may reduce the sedative effects of these medications commonly used to treat anxiety, such as diazepam Valium and lorazepam Ativan. Beta-blockers, Propranolol, and Metoprolol. Caffeine, including caffeine from green tea, may increase blood pressure in people taking propranolol Inderal and metoprolol Lopressor, Toprol XL.
These medications are used to treat high blood pressure and heart disease. Blood-Thinning Medications. People who take warfarin Coudamin should not drink green tea. Since green tea contains vitamin K, it can make this medication ineffective. Other compounds in green tea may slow blood clotting and therefore increase the blood-thinning effect of these medications.
You should not mix green tea and aspirin because they both prevent blood from clotting. Using the two together may increase your risk of bleeding. If you are taking medications that promote blood thinning, discuss green tea consumption with your physician.
The combination of green tea and chemotherapy medications, specifically doxorubicin and tamoxifen, increased the effectiveness of these medications in laboratory tests.
However, the same results have not been found in studies on people. On the other hand, there have been reports of both green and black tea extracts affecting a gene in prostate cancer cells that may make them less sensitive to chemotherapy drugs. For that reason, people should talk to their doctors before drinking black and green tea or taking tea extracts while undergoing chemotherapy.
Clozapine Clozaril. The effects of the clozapine may be reduced if taken within 40 minutes after drinking green tea. When taken with ephedrine, green tea may cause agitation, tremors, insomnia, and weight loss. Green tea has been shown to reduce blood levels of lithium, a medication used to treat bipolar disorder.
That can make lithium less effective. Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors MAOIs. Green tea may cause a severe increase in blood pressure, called a "hypertensive crisis," when taken together with these drugs used to treat depression.
Examples of MAOIs include:. Birth control pills. Oral contraceptives can prolong the amount of time caffeine stays in the body, which may increase its stimulating effects. A combination of caffeine, including caffeine from green tea, and phenylpropanolamine, used in many over-the-counter and prescription cough and cold medications and weight loss products, may cause mania and a severe increase in blood pressure.
The FDA issued a public health advisory in November to warn people of the risk of bleeding in the brain from use of this medication and urged all manufacturers of this drug to remove it from the market. Most drugs that contained phenylpropanolamine have been reformulated without it.
Quinolone antibiotics. Green tea may make these medications more effective and also increase the risk of side effects. These medications include:. Other medications. Green tea, especially caffeinated green tea, may interact with a number for medications, including:.
To be safe, check with your health care provider before drinking or taking green tea if you also take other medications. Baladia E, Basulto J, Manera M, Martinez R, Calbet D. Effect of green tea or green tea extract consumption on body weight and body composition: systematic review and meta-analysis.
Nutr Hosp. Belza A, Toubro S, Astrup A. The effect of caffeine, green tea and tyrosine on thermogenesis and energy intake. Eur J Clin Nutr. Bettuzzi S, Brausi M, Rizzi F, Castagnetti G, Peracchia G, Corti A. Chemoprevention of human prostate cancer by oral administration of green tea catechins in volunteers with high-grade prostate intraepithelial neoplasia: a preliminary report from a one-year proof-of-principle study.
Cancer Res. Borrelli F, Capasso R, Russo A, Ernst E. Systematic review: green tea and gastrointestinal cancer risk. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. Mar 1, ;19 5 Boschmann M, Thielecke F.
The effects of epigallocatechingallate on thermogenesis and fat oxidation in obese men: a pilot study. J Am Coll Nutr. Brown AL, Lane J, Holyoak C, Nicol B, Mayes AE, Dadd T. Health effects of green tea catechins in overweight and obese men: a randomised controlled cross-over trial.
Br J Nutr.
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Gren, findings from experimental and nonexperimental epidemiological studies yielded inconsistent results, thus providing limited evidence for the beneficial effect of green tea consumption on the overall risk of cancer or on specific cancer sites.
Some evidence of a beneficial effect of green tea at some cancer sites emerged from the RCTs and from case-control studies, but their methodological limitations, such as the low number and size of the studies, and the inconsistencies with the results of cohort studies, limit the interpretability of the RR estimates.
The studies also indicated the occurrence of several side effects associated with high intakes of green tea. In addition, the majority of included studies were carried out in Asian populations characterised by a high intake of green tea, thus limiting the generalisability of the findings to other populations.
Well conducted and adequately powered RCTs would be needed to draw conclusions on the possible beneficial effects of green tea consumption on cancer risk. This review is an update of a previously published review in the Cochrane Database of Systematic ReviewsIssue 3.
Tea is one of the most commonly consumed beverages worldwide. Teas from the plant Camellia sinensis can be grouped into green, black and oolong tea, and drinking habits vary cross-culturally. C sinensis contains polyphenols, one subgroup being catechins. Catechins are powerful antioxidants, and laboratory studies have suggested that these compounds may inhibit cancer cell proliferation.
Some experimental and nonexperimental epidemiological studies have suggested that green tea may have cancer-preventative effects. To assess possible associations between green tea consumption and the risk of cancer incidence and mortality as primary outcomes, and safety data and quality of life as secondary outcomes.
We searched eligible studies up to January in CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, ClinicalTrials. gov, and reference lists of previous reviews and included studies. We included all epidemiological studies, experimental i.
randomised controlled trials RCTs and nonexperimental non-randomised studies, i. observational studies with both cohort and case-control design that investigated the association of green tea consumption with cancer risk or quality of life, or both.
Two or more review authors independently applied the study criteria, extracted data and assessed methodological quality of studies. We summarised the results according to diagnosis of cancer type.
In this review update, we included in total completed studies 11 experimental and nonexperimental and two ongoing studies. This is an additional 10 experimental and 85 nonexperimental studies from those included in the previous version of the review. Eleven experimental studies allocated a total of participants to either green tea extract or placebo, all demonstrating an overall high methodological quality based on 'Risk of bias' assessment.
For incident prostate cancer, the summary risk ratio RR in the green tea-supplemented participants was 0. The summary RR for gynaecological cancer was 1. No evidence of effect of non-melanoma skin cancer emerged summary RR 1. Consumption of green tea extracts induced a slight improvement in quality of life, compared with placebo, based on three experimental studies.
In nonexperimental studies, we included over 1, participants from 46 cohort studies and 85 case-control studies, which were on average of intermediate to high methodological quality based on Newcastle-Ottawa Scale 'Risk of bias' assessment.
When comparing the highest intake of green tea with the lowest, we found a lower overall cancer incidence summary RR 0. Conversely, we found no association between green tea consumption and cancer-related mortality summary RR 0.
For most of the site-specific cancers we observed a decreased RR in the highest category of green tea consumption compared with the lowest one. After stratifying the analysis according to study design, we found strongly conflicting results for some cancer sites: oesophageal, prostate and urinary tract cancer, and leukaemia showed an increased RR in cohort studies and a decreased RR or no difference in case-control studies.
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: Green tea and cancer| Green tea Information | Mount Sinai - New York | Green tea as inhibitor of the intestinal absorption of lipids: potential mechanism for its lipid-lowering effect. edu Purdue News Service: ; e-mail, purduenews purdue. Green tea consumption and risk of esophageal cancer: a meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies. EGCG is a weaker inhibitor than amiloride, but can be consumed in much higher doses without any toxicological effects. Potential interactions between alternative therapies and warfarin. Green tea and the risk of prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. |
| Why people with cancer use it | In one study, women who drank 5 or more cups of green tea per day had a lower risk of colorectal cancer compared to non-tea-drinkers. If you take it in large amounts, it can cause you to: have difficulty sleeping have headaches feel jittery or shaky EGCG in green tea, when taken in large quantities, can cause sickness and an upset stomach in some people. Epub Jun Refer a Patient Refer a Patient Refer a Patient Home Health Care Provider Resource Center Referring Provider Team Insurance Information International Referrals myMDAnderson for Physicians Second Opinion Pathology. The studies also indicated the occurrence of several side effects associated with high intakes of green tea. The polyphenols in green tea also give it a somewhat bitter flavor. Mar 1, ;19 5 |
| Green tea (Chinese tea) | Article Tae PubMed Central Google Scholar Lin YW, Essence of Fresh Oranges ZH, Wang X, Mao Anc, Qin J, Zheng XY, et al. Managing dietary restrictions for optimal performance can find green Green tea and cancer in health cacer shops, supermarkets, chemists and over the internet. Originally cultivated in East Asia, this plant grows as large as a shrub or tree. Language: English Deutsch Español فارسی Français Hrvatski 日本語 한국어 Bahasa Malaysia Polski Português Русский ภาษาไทย 简体中文 繁體中文. Studies in laboratory animals have found that green tea polyphenols inhibit the growth of esophageal cancer cells. The news on this account looks good. |
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