Polyphenols and anti-aging -
Polyphenols have been examined for their beneficial effects on health, particularly in rodents, but their lifelong effects are unclear. Lemons Citrus limon , containing lemon polyphenols LPP , are widely consumed but the effects of LPP on aging are unknown.
Therefore, we examined the effects of LPP on aging such as aging-related scores, locomotor activity, cognitive functions, and intestinal microbiome using senescence-accelerated mouse prone 1 SAMP1 and senescence-accelerated resistant mouse 1 SAMR1. Thus, lifelong intake of LPP may have anti-aging effects on both phenotypes and the intestinal environment.
Lemon fruit Citrus limon is one of the most widely consumed fruits, either directly or used in soft drinks, alcoholic drinks, and cooking.
Lemons are rich in citric acid, vitamin C, and polyphenols, which confer various health benefits, such as the alleviation of fatigue 1 and lipid-lowering effects 2 , 3. Eriocitrin, the main lemon polyphenol LPP , is a yellow and water-soluble antioxidant 2 , 4 that is abundant in lemon juice and peel.
Although the anti-aging effects of polyphenols have been suggested, few studies in rodents have been conducted until animal death, such as studies of tea and wine polyphenols 5 , 6. However, humans are likely to consume the same habitual diets throughout their lifespan.
Data obtained for a limited period may not reflect the beneficial effects or safety of a food. Thus, studies of the lifelong effects of foods are needed. Senescence-accelerated mouse prone SAMP strains were established by Takeda et al.
The SAMP substrain SAMP1 shows early deficits in age-associated pathological features such as senile amyloidosis, impaired immune response, and impaired motor function 8 , 9 and has been widely used to analyse various antioxidants, such as reduced coenzyme Q10 As an age-matched control, the senescence-accelerated resistant mouse 1 SAMR1 is frequently used for comparison with SAMP1 to detect age-related changes.
Studies of the intestinal microbiome in the last decade have demonstrated its major effects on the host 11 , 12 , Turnbaugh et al. Additionally, changes in the intestinal microbiome throughout life have been reported 15 , In these contexts, changes in the microbiome involving aging may affect host health and function as markers of aging.
In this study, we investigated the lifelong effects of LPP in SAMP1 to evaluate healthy aging. From the perspective of welfare and management of animals, we did not sacrifice the mice, but evaluated their lifespan using non-invasive pharmacological methods and faeces to investigate the intestinal microbiota in P1 mice drinking LPP throughout life.
For example, we examined aging-related phenotypes every month and cognitive functions and locomotor activity every 3 months.
Additionally, the intestinal microbiome was evaluated. LPP was obtained as a yellow solid. Miyake et al. Eriocitrin showed the highest content of polyphenols in lemon fruits. Thus, we conformed that the main polyphenol component in LPP was eriocitrin. The total phenol content in LPP according to the Folin-Ciocalteu method reference compound: gallic acid 18 was LPP showed anti-oxidative potency.
The anti-oxidative results of LPP appeared to contribute to the anti-oxidative activities and mechanisms. We chose a dose of 0. The previous study reported that after a day feeding period in rats, the daily eriocitrin intake via pellets containing 0.
In our study, the mice were throughout life; therefore, we decreased the dose of LPP containing An SAMP1 mouse e. The results for food consumption, liquid consumption, body weight, and number of surviving mice are shown in Fig.
Food and liquid consumption is expressed as the consumption of each mouse per day, which was calculated by dividing the total consumption by the number of mice per cage. Food consumption, liquid consumption, body weight, and number of surviving mice in P1 mice drinking water or 0.
d Number of surviving mice. Food consumption in all groups gradually decreased with age Fig. Although spikes in liquid intake were occasionally observed Fig. Thus, LPP accounted for only 0. We therefore assumed that the contributions of nutrient components and calories of LPP were negligible.
In the R1 group, the liquid consumption was lower, but the average body weight was higher than in both P1 groups; however, food intake was nearly equal to that in the P1 groups Fig. Body weight increased until 30 weeks old, but then gradually decreased in both P1 groups; body weight decreased from approximately 65 weeks old in the R1 group.
The results suggest that there was a major difference in metabolism between the two groups. The mean lifespans of the groups were as follows: R1, The average lifespan in the P1-LPP group was approximately 3 weeks longer than that in the P1-water group.
Our findings showed that the lifelong intake of LPP extracts has positive effects over the lifespan. We examined the physical activity, skin conditions, eye inflammation, and spinal curvature in all groups nearly every month from 6 to 88 weeks old.
Other non-significant data related to aging were not shown. Changes in aging-related scores in P1 mice drinking water or 0. a Periophthalmic lesion Grade 0; no changes, Grade 1; catarrhal changes limited to the periophthalmic area or swelling of palpebra, Grade 2; catarrhal changes extending to nose, and Grade 3; catarrhal changes extending to further.
b Hair coarseness Grade 0; no coarseness, Grade 1; coarseness of less than an area of the head, Grade 2; coarseness of less than double the area of the head, Grade 3; coarseness of less than 3 times area of the head, and Grade 4; coarseness of over 3 times area of the head.
In the R1 group, hair coarseness and hair loss were not changed by aging, which retained a youthful appearance Fig. In contrast, hair aging rapidly progressed in the SAMP1 groups from approximately 40 weeks old.
For aging associated with periophthalmic lesions, aging in the R1 group occurred much more slowly than that in both P1 groups Fig.
These results suggest that LPP delays aging, such as periophthalmic lesions, hair coarseness, and hair loss. A significant decrease in the levels of lipid antioxidants and hydrophilic antioxidant carnosine was observed in the brain of SAMP1, which is characterized by accelerated accumulation of senile features, compared to SAMR1 Antioxidative compounds delay the increase in aging scores in SAMP1 8.
The main polyphenol component of LPP, eriocitrin, is metabolized by intestinal bacteria and then absorbed to induce antioxidative activity in the plasma One possible mechanism by which LPP prevents aging is via antioxidative activity against oxidative stress in SAMP1.
To ensure healthy aging, it is necessary to maintain locomotor activity to avoid frailty, sarcopenia, and a bedridden state, which are caused by not only low physical activity and a lack of protein nutrition but also an inflammatory profile and oxidative stress 25 , We examined the changes in locomotor activity with aging nearly every 3 months from 13—16 to 92 weeks old Fig.
Locomotor activity in the R1 group was nearly unchanged with aging, while those in both P1 groups were significantly decreased with aging. Aoyama et al. In this experiment, locomotor impairment in SAMP1 appeared at 33 weeks old and deteriorated with aging.
Changes in locomotor activities in P1 mice drinking water or 0. We attempted to measure the levels of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine 8-OHdG 27 , a biomarker of oxidative DNA damages in the urine at 68—71 weeks in this study.
However, this measurement was not possible because the volumes of urine in SAM mice were too small. In many urine samples, 8-OHdG was below the measurable limit after dilution data not shown.
reported 21 that eriocitrin significantly deceased 8-OHdG in the urine of diabetic rats after a day feeding period. Moreover, administration of eriocitrin increased antioxidant activity in the plasma Further, Ferreira et al. Therefore, the anti-aging effects of LPP may delay not only increases in aging scores Fig.
SAMP1 is not typically used as an early cognitive deficit model, similar to SAMP8 and SAMP10 5 , 8 , Changes in object recognition long-term object memory and spatial recognition short-term location memory in P1 mice drinking water or 0. The numbers in parentheses show the number of surviving mice at the different ages.
In the ORT during the test phases from 8 to 79 weeks old i. During breeding of these mice, we found differences in behaviour between SAMR1 and SAMP1 in the home cages.
Unlike SAMP1, SAMR1 always made a deep nest using sliced paper in the cage and hid in the nest. Therefore, SAMR1 showed more fear than SAMP1 towards objects in the ORT and OLT. The lower recognition indices in the R1 group may be related to the short approach time to the objects in the ORT during the training session.
In the R1 group, there were no significant differences between the familiar and novel positions from 13—14 to 35 weeks old, but significant differences were identified at 51 and 80 weeks old. The disorder of spatial recognition in the OLT Fig. Based on the recognition ability, we examined the temporary changes that occurred during the lifespan rather than a few time points within a certain period to avoid misleading results.
The cognitive effects of long-term LPP intake were weaker than those on other phenotypes. The activities of antioxidant enzymes in the brain of SAMP1 are significantly lower than those in SAMR1 Oxidative stress may cause disorder in spatial recognition in SAMP1.
Although LPP has strong antioxidant activity 21 , it has a low ability to pass the BBB because of its glycoside form. Eriocitrin is metabolized to eriodictyol, methylated eriodictyol, 3,4-dihydroxyhydrocinnamic acid, and their conjugates in the plasma and urine Further studies are needed to determine whether metabolites can pass the BBB and directly affect cognitive functions.
UniFrac analysis is an effective distance metric for microbial species 31 and visually expresses the composition of bacterial species at a specific site. Initially, the overall structure of the intestinal microbiome was evaluated by UniFrac analysis Fig.
At 19 weeks old, the structure of the intestinal microbiome in the R1 group Fig. These results suggest that LPP intake maintains the intestinal environment against aging. Changes in intestinal microbiome by UniFrac analyses at 19 and 70 weeks old in P1 mice drinking water or 0.
R1 group, purple: 19 weeks old; yellow: 70 weeks old. Subsequently, the microbiome composition at the phylum level was evaluated. Recently, links between certain diseases and the intestinal microbiome have been suggested Human gut microbes are associated with obesity; a lower level of Bacteroidetes and higher level of Firmicutes have been detected in obese subjects This may be explained by the composition of the SAMR1 intestinal microbiome.
Changes in intestinal microbiome phylum and genus families at 19 and 70 weeks old in P1 mice drinking water or 0. Genus-level differences in the microbiome among the 3 groups were evaluated. An increase in Lactobacillus strains associated with aging has been reported in human microbiota Eriocitrin is metabolized by intestinal bacteria, after which the metabolites are absorbed 24 , increasing anti-oxidative activities in the plasma 24 and decreasing oxidative stress We predicted that the anti-aging effects of LPP are developed through the intestinal microbiome both directly and indirectly.
We previously reported that the intestinal microbiota varies between breeder companies because of their different breeding environments, even in the same strain of mice In this aging study, we used the same breeding chamber and same type of cages. Therefore, the changes in the microbiota appear to be related to aging rather than the breeding environment.
Arumugam et al. Remarkable changes in key microbiota for the human enterotype 35 , 36 were observed by the LPP intake and aging in this study.
Our results suggested that lifelong intake of LPP has anti-aging effects not only on the host health status but also on the intestinal environment. Recently, Henning et al. Additional studies are needed to clarify whether intestinal or phenotypic changes occur at first during the intake of polyphenols.
Additionally, possible aging-related changes in the intestinal microbiomes, such as for the genus Lactobacillus , were restricted by LPP intake. These results suggest that LPP has anti-aging effects not only on host health but also on the intestinal environment. Evaluating lifelong intake of food is important for detecting the effects on human and animals because they are likely to consume habitual diets throughout their lifespan.
Food habits may exert a large influence on the host. Lemon polyphenols LPP from lemon peel were obtained as described in a previous report We freshly prepared 0.
Thirty-six SAMP1 male mice aged 5 weeks and 18 SAMR1 Japan SLC, Inc. The floor of the cage was covered with sliced paper, Palmas μ® Material Research Center, Tokyo, Japan , which was changed every week. SAMR1 mice were group-housed six mice per cage with free access to tap water.
All mice were provided ad libitum access to standard chow CRF-1; Charles River Laboratories, Yokohama, Japan. We used the same breeding chamber EBAC-L ® , CLEA Japan, Inc. All experiments were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of SAPPORO BREWERIES LTD. permit number following the Guidelines for the Proper Conduct of Animal Experiments on the Science Council of Japan.
All experimental protocols and animal procedures were conducted in accordance with the approved guidelines. Food consumption and liquid consumption per cage were recorded every week and three times every week, respectively.
The body weight of each mouse was examined every week. During the lifespan of all mice, we examined the changes in grading scores, such as those for skin and hair conditions glossiness, hair coarseness, and hair loss , ulcers, eyes cataract, periophthalmic lesions, opacity of cornea, and ulcer of cornea , and skeleton spinal curvature nearly every month from 6 weeks to 88 weeks old, as reported previously The novel ORT and OLT for spatial cognition are non-invasive and conducted under conditions similar to those used for human cognitive assessment We measured cognitive functions by ORT and OLT as previously reported For OLT objects, apple-shaped wooden blocks without colouring mm width and mm height of main body and mm height of stem end were used.
The ORT experiments were conducted at 8, 22, 34, 50, 66, and 79 weeks old and the OLT experiments were conducted at 13, 14, 23, 35, 51, 67, and 80 weeks old to evaluate cognitive function. Differences between recognition indices of left and right or novel location objects were assessed by using the unpaired t -test for ORT OLT in each phase.
Illumination was provided at 25 lux. A black patch was attached to the back of each mouse to enable tracking in the ORT box with a white-coloured floor. Bacterial DNA was isolated as described by Matsuki et al.
Primers for amplification of the V1 and V2 regions of the 16S rRNA gene reported by Kim et al. PCR was performed in a μL reaction volume. Each reaction mixture contained After each reaction, the mixture was purified using a PureLink Quick PCR Purification Kit Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA ; the concentration of each purified sample was measured using a Qubit 2.
Purified samples were mixed at equal concentrations. Emulsion PCR and sequencing were carried out by Ion PGM sequencing systems Life Technologies. The values are presented in the relative abundance of microbiota. SPSS software Between-group comparisons between bacterial species were performed by unpaired t -tests.
Kajimoto, O. The internet investigation about the attenuation of fatigue feeling by taking a drink containing lemon citric acid. in Japanese. Google Scholar. Miyake, Y. et al. Lipid-lowering effect of eriocitrin, the main flavonoid in lemon fruit, in rats on a high-fat and high-cholesterol diet.
Food Sci. Article CAS Google Scholar. Hiramitsu, M. Eriocitrin ameliorates diet-induced hepatic steatosis with activation of mitochondrial biogenesis. Article Google Scholar. Isolation of antioxidative phenolic glucosides from lemon juice and their suppressive effect on the expression of blood adhesion molecules.
Unno, K. Daily consumption of green tea catechin delays memory regression in aged mice. Biogerontology 8 , 89—95 Porquet, D. Age Dordr. Takeda, T. A new murine model of accelerated senescence. Ageing Dev. Takahashi, R. Anti-aging studies on the senescence accelerated mouse SAM strains.
Yakugaku Zasshi , 11—18 Aoyama, Y. Impaired motor function in senescence-accelerated mouse prone 1 SAMP1. Brain Res. Yan, J. Reduced coenzyme Q10 supplementation decelerates senescence in SAMP1 mice.
Turnbaugh, P. A core gut microbiome in obese and lean twins. Nature , — Article ADS CAS Google Scholar. Lewis, J. Ageing, and particularly the onset of age-related diseases, is associated with tissue dysfunction and macromolecular damage, some of which can be attributed to accumulation of oxidative damage.
Polyphenolic na Skip to main content. Search all BMC articles Search. Polyphenols and ageing This collection in BMC Chemistry is no longer accepting submissions. Structural basis of the anti-ageing effects of polyphenolics: mitigation of oxidative stress Ageing, and particularly the onset of age-related diseases, is associated with tissue dysfunction and macromolecular damage, some of which can be attributed to accumulation of oxidative damage.
Authors: Adam Rolt and Lynne S. Citation: BMC Chemistry 14 Content type: Review Published on: 10 August
Anri-aging Chemistry volume 14 Polyphenos, Article number: Sports meal planning Cite Polyphenols and anti-aging article. Metrics details. Ageing, Polypphenols particularly the onset of Polhphenols diseases, nad associated with tissue dysfunction and macromolecular damage, some Polyphejols which can Hyperglycemia and lifestyle modifications attributed to accumulation of Polyphenoks damage. Polyphenolic Polyphenols and anti-aging products such as stilbenoids, flavonoids and chalcones have been shown to be effective at ameliorating several age-related phenotypes, including oxidative stress, inflammation, impaired proteostasis and cellular senescence, both in vitro and in vivo. Here we aim to identify the structural basis underlying the pharmacology of polyphenols towards ROS and related biochemical pathways involved in age-related disease. We compile and describe SAR trends across different polyphenol chemotypes including stilbenoids, flavonoids and chalcones, review their different molecular targets and indications, and identify common structural ground between chemotypes and mechanisms of action.Video
Anti-Aging: The Secret To Aging In ReverseNeurodegenerative Polyphwnols are progressively increasing globally and most often are associated with the aging process. Qnti-aging and again, neuroscientists anti-abing clinicians have tried many Hyperglycemia and lifestyle modifications to maintain a healthy brain with normal Polypgenols.
Irrespective Professional weight loss assistance the approaches, oxidative stress is the marker anyi-aging several age-related disorders of abd brain, and the Polyphenolz consideration of nutrigerontologists is toward anf the burden Polyphemols reactive oxygen species through dietary interventions that can Po,yphenols trigger Hyperglycemia and lifestyle modifications Polypnenols encoding many OMAD and mental focus enzymes and pro-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory anti-zging and finally maintain a redox balance.
Among the various anti-aginf, naturally derived bioactive compounds have attracted the Polyphenols and anti-aging of scientists, Ployphenols what is anti-aginb is Paleo meal planning polyphenols have gained popularity because of the qnti-aging benefits derived from them either on their own or in combination Type diabetes prevention nonpharmacological anti-wging such Polyphennols physical exercise.
Human and animal an using flavonoids, a adn of Hyperglycemia and lifestyle modifications, have suggested a positive relation between Polypnenols such as qnd and andd of znti-aging function with age. This review is, firstly, snti-aging assembly of recent findings on nutrient signaling pathways of snti-aging, commonly angi-aging in fruits and vegetables, and, Polypheols, their anti-aginb on the brain ajd natural medicaments Polyphenolls promoting mental health with successful aging and longevity.
This is a preview of subscription content, anyi-aging in via an Polyphenools. Abhijit Nad, Subramanyam MVV, Asha An S Grape seed proanthocyanidin and swimming exercise snti-aging against cognitive decline: a study ahti-aging M1 Healthy nutrient choices receptors in aging male rat brain.
Polyphenols and anti-aging Res — Anti-agign CAS PubMed Google Scholar. Znti-aging S, Sunil JT, Snd BS, Shankaranarayana Rao Polyphejols, Subramanyam Anti-agingg, Asha Devi S Polyphehols action Polyphebols grape seed polyphenols and aerobic exercise in improving neuronal number in amd hippocampus Polyphenolss associated with decrease in Polyphhenols peroxidation and hydrogen peroxide in Poly;henols and middle-aged rats.
Injury healing nutrition tips Gerontol — Asha Devi S, Abhijit S Oxidative stress and the brain: Polyhenols insight into ajti-aging aging. In: Rath PC, Sharma R, Plyphenols S eds Topics in atni-aging gerontology. Springer Nature, Singapore, pp p—p CrossRef Google Scholar.
Asha Devi Annd, Jolitha AB, Ishii Anti-aing Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract GSPE and antioxidant defense in the brain of adult rats. Med Sci Monit BR—BR PubMed Google Scholar. Asha Devi Herbal medicine for migraines, Manjula KR, Sagar Chandrasekhar BK, Anti-aginy N Proper fluid intake for young athletes seed proanthocyanidin lowers brain oxidative stress in the adult and middle-aged anti-agkng.
Auger C, Teissedre PL, Gerain P, Lequeux N, Polyphenolls A, Hyperglycemia and lifestyle modifications S, Besançon P, Caporiccio B, Hyperglycemia and lifestyle modifications, Anti-xging JP, Rouanet JM Dietary wine amd catechin, quercetin, qnti-aging resveratrol efficiently protect hypercholesterolemic hamsters against aortic fatty streak accumulation.
Polylhenols Agric Food Chem — Balu M, Sangeetha P, Murali G, Paneerselvam C Pplyphenols oxidative protein snti-aging in anti-aginh nervous system in Ployphenols modulatory snti-aging of grape seed extract.
Polyphrnols J Dev Neurosci — CrossRef CAS Google Glutamine foods. Balu Proper fluid intake for young athletes, Plyphenols P, Mural Anti-agjng, Panneerselvam C Modulatory role Polypgenols grape seed extract on age-related oxidative DNA damage in central nervous system of rats.
Brain Res Bull — Barros D, Amaral OB, Izquierdo I, Geracitino L, do Carmo Bassols Raseira M, Henriques AT, Ramirez MR Behavioral and genoprotective effects of Vaccinium berries intake in mice. Pharmacol Biochem Behav — Basli A, Souler S, Chaher N, Merillon JM, Chilbane M, Monti JP et al Wine polyphenolic potential agents in neuroprotection.
Oxidative Med Cell Longev Am J Clin Nutr — Bensalem J, Servant L, Alfos S, Gaudout D, Layé S, Pallet V, Lafanetre P Dietary polyphenol supplementation prevents alterations of spatial navigation in middle-aged mice. Front Behav Neurosci CrossRef CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar.
Blau CW, Cowley TR, O'Sullivan J, Grehan B, Browne TC, Kelly L, Birch A, Murphy N, Kelly AM, Kerskens CM, Lynch The age-related deficit in LTP is associated with changes in perfusion and blood-brain barrier permeability. Neurobiol Aging Bogs J, Jaffe FW, Takos AM, Walker AR, Robinson SP The grapevine transcription factor vvmybpa1 regulates proanthocyanidin synthesis during fruit development.
Plant Physiol — Burns A, Zaudig M Mild cognitive impairment in older people. Lancet 14 — Cimrova B, Bud S, Melicherov U, Jergelov M, Jagla F Electrophysiological evidence of the effect of natural polyphenols upon the human higher brain functions. Neuroendocrinol Lett — CAS PubMed Google Scholar. Commanges D, Scotet V, Renaud S, Jacqmin Gadda H, Barberger-Gateau P, Dartigues JF Intake of flavonoids and risk of dementia.
Eur J Epidemiol — Int J Mol Sci — De Nicoló S, Tarani L, Ceccanti M, Maldini M, Natella F, Vania A, Chaldakov GN, Fiore M Effects of olive polyphenols administration on nerve growth factor and brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the mouse brain. Nutrition — J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci — Epub Dell AM, Galli GV, Vrhovsek U, Mattivi F, Bosisio E In vitro inhibition of human cGMP-specific phosphodiesterase-5 by polyphenols from red grapes.
Deshane J, Chaves L, Sarikonda KV, Isbell S, Wilson L, Kirk M, Grubbs C, Barnes S, Meleth S, Kim H Proteomics analysis of rat brain protein modulations by grape seed extract. Downey MO, Harvey JS, Robinson SP Analysis of tannins in seeds and skin of Shiraz grapes throughout berry development.
Aus J Grape and Wine Res — Elahy M, Jackaman C, Mamo JC, Lam V, Dhaliwal SS, Giles C et al Blood—brain barrier dysfunction developed during normal aging is associated with inflammation and loss of tight junctions but not with leukocyte recruitment.
Immun Ageing —9. Farrall AJ, Wardlaw JM Blood—brain barrier: ageing and microvascular disease — systematic review and meta-analysis.
Neurobiol Aging — Feng Y, Liu YM, Fratkins JD, LeBlanc MH Grape seed extract suppresses lipid peroxidation and reduces hypoxic ischemic brain injury in neonatal rats. J Alzheimers Dis — Fillet H, Nash DT, Rundek T, Zuckerman A Cardiovascular risk factors and dementia.
Am J Geriatr Pharmacother — Fiori L Grape seed oil supercritical extraction kinetic and solubility data: critical approach and modelling.
J Supercrit Fluids — Georgiev A, Ananga V, Tsolova V Recent advances and uses of grape flavonoids as nutraceuticals. Nutrients — Ghafoor K, Choi YH, Jeon JY, Jo IH Optimization of ultrasound-assisted extraction of phenolic compounds, antioxidants, and anthocyanins from grape Vitis vinifera seeds.
Han YS, Bastianetto S, Dumont Y, Quirion R Specific plasma membrane binding sites for polyphenols, including resveratrol, in the rat brain. J Pharmacol Exp Ther — Hernandez-Jimenez A, Gomez-Plaza E, Martinez-Cutillas A, Kennedy JA Grape skin and seed proanthocyanidins from Monastrell x Syrah grapes.
Agric Food Chem — Ho L, Yemul S, Wang J, Pasinetti GM Grape seed polyphenolic extract as a potential novel therapeutic agent in tauopathies.
Hong N, Yaylayan VA, Raghavan GS, Paré JR, Bélanger JM Microwave-assisted extraction of phenolic compounds from grape seed. Nat Prod Lett — Huhn S, Masouleh SKSK, Stumvoll M, Villringer A, Witte AV Components of a Mediterranean diet and their impact on cognitive functions in aging.
Front Aging Neurosci Hwang IK, Yoo KY, Kim DS, Jeong YK, Kim JD, Shin KH, Lim SS, Yoo ID, Kang TC, Kim DW, Moon WK, Won MH Neuroprotective effects of grape seed extract on neuronal injury by inhibiting DNA damage in the gerbil hippocampus after transient forebrain ischaemia.
Life Sci — Jagla F, Cimrova B, Budac S, Jergelov M, Bendzala S, Pechanova O Red wine polyphenols may influence human space memory.
In: Proceedings of the world congress: oxidants and antioxidants in biology, translational redox science. Book of Abstracts, p. Google Scholar. Joseph JA, Shukitt-Hale B, Willis LM Grape juice, berries, and walnuts affect brain aging and behaviour.
J Nutr S—S. Kang JH, Ascherio A, Grostein F Fruit and vegetable consumption and cognitive decline in aging women. Ann Neurol — CrossRef PubMed Google Scholar. Karadeniz F, Durst RW, Wrolstad RE Polyphenolic composition of raisins. Kelsey NA, Wilkins HM, Linseman DA Nutraceutical antioxidants as novel neuroprotective agents.
Molecules — Kim H, Deshane J, Barnes S, Meleth S Proteomics analyses of the actions of grape seed extract in rat brain: technological and biological implications for the study of the actions of psychoactive compounds. Krikorian R, Nash TA, Shider MD, Shukitt-Hale B, Joseph LA Concord grape juice supplementation improves memory function in older adults with mild cognitive impairment.
Br J Nutr — Kumar GP, Khanum F Neuroprotective potential of phytochemicals. Pharmacogn Rev — Lee J, Torosyan N, Sulverman DH Examining the impact of grape consumption on brain metabolism and cognitive function in patients with mild decline in cognition: a double-blinded placebo controlled pilot study.
Lepiniec L, Debeaujon I, Routaboul JM, Audry A, Pourcel L, Nesi N, Caboche M Genetics and biochemistry of seed flavonoids. Annu Rev Plant Biol —
: Polyphenols and anti-aging| Exploring the Benefits of Polyphenols for Anti-Aging – happy being | Ahuja I, Kissen R, Bones AM Phytoalexins in defense against pathogens. These biochemical reactions are known as oxidations, because they use oxygen as a reactant. Oxidations can produce highly reactive compounds called free radicals. Since the first use of nematodes by Brenner as a tool in genetics research Brenner, , the model has been applied to many other research fields, such as development, disease modeling, metabolism, medicine, screening, and others. Cancer Lett 2 — In addition to their antioxidant properties, polyphenols also exhibit anti-inflammatory effects. Gutierres JM , Carvalho FB , Schetinger MRC , Rodrigues MV , Schmatz R , Pimentel VC , et al. |
| Aging-Based Pathologies are Related to Biological and Social Factors. | For example, in primary cultures of midbrain cells, a series of anthocyanins isolated from blackcurrants, including delphinidinO-glucoside and C3G, reduces dopaminergic cell death induced by rotenone [ ], an insecticide known to cause nigral neurodegeneration in vivo. Anthocyanins display inhibitory effects on monoamine oxidase B MAOB , an action similar albeit smaller than that of drugs currently used to treat early PD [ ]. Together, these investigations highlight the therapeutic potential of anthocyanins in neurodegenerative diseases. However, more preclinical and clinical studies investigating the effects of pure anthocyanins and their derivatives are required to determine their potential benefits in ADor PD. Resveratrol is a polyphenol found mainly in grapes and red wine. It possesses diverse biological activities that confer protection against oxidative stress, inflammation, cardiovascular disease, and cancer [ — ]. As mentioned previously, resveratrol also exerts beneficial effects on age-related cognitive impairment. Indeed, resveratrol can, for example, improve working memory, spatial learning and memory and spontaneous locomotor activity in various animal models such as healthy non-human primates Microcebus murinus or aged mice with LPS-induced deficits [ 25, , ]. Recently, a significant enhancement of angiogenesis and neurogenesis has been observed in the DG of these mice [ 25 ]. One of the main hypotheses to explain how resveratrol induces these beneficial health effects in vivo is the modulation of sirtuin 1 SIRT1 , one of seven proteins belonging to the sirtuin family and an energy sensor involved in longevity. Many studies have evaluated this mechanism, seeking to determine if the interaction between SIRT1 and resveratrol is direct or indirect, a question still under debate. On the one hand, there are much data to support the hypothesis that SIRT1 is directly activated by resveratrol [ , — ]. Han et al. have investigated the possible existence of specific polyphenol-binding sites at the cell membrane level in the rat brain [ ]. In addition to the above pathways, resveratrol could act through the cyclooxygenase COX and 5-lipoxygenase cascades, thereby modulating the production of pro-inflammatory molecules [ ]. Inhibitors of these enzymes are commonly used as anti-inflammatory drugs. Because resveratrol is an effective in vivo inhibitor of COX activity [ — ], its anti-inflammatory properties have been investigated. The anti-inflammatory effects of resveratrol in aged mice could also be linked to its ability to inhibit factors involved in gene transcription such as MAPKs, AP-1 and NF- κ B [ , — ]. The link between SIRT1 and NF- κ B signaling is particularly interesting because, according to a number of authors, SIRT1 can prolong the lifespan by inhibiting NF- κ B signaling to an extent sufficient to reverse gene expression changes associated with aging in mice [ , , ]. Moreover, a reduction in the levels of inflammatory markers such as interleukin-1 β has been observed in resveratrol-supplemented mice in both the plasma and hippocampus. The in vitro analysis of its impact on microglial cells has confirmed that resveratrol potently inhibits LPS-induced interleukin-1 β production [ ]. Thus, resveratrol could present an attractive alternative to current treatments against chronic inflammation. Resveratrol also has considerable antioxidant activity, although it is unclear if this is the result of a direct scavenging effect or the activation of pathways that upregulate natural cellular antioxidant defenses. Resveratrol can inhibit the production of ROS by neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophages [ — ]. In spontaneously hypertensive rats, which are prone to stroke, resveratrol significantly reduces markers of oxidative stress in the serum and urine [ ]. Furthermore, in guinea pigs, resveratrol decreases the concentration of ROS generated by menadione [ ]. These data indicate that resveratrol can suppress pathological increases in the peroxidation of lipids and other macromolecules in vivo , but whether the mechanism is direct, indirect or both has yet to be determined. There are other data in support of these protective effects. For instance, resveratrol can dramatically increase mitochondrial manganese SOD expression and activity in MRC-5 cells, as well as in mouse brain tissue [ ]. Despite all these arguments, it is important to emphasize that, even if the scientific literature widely credit resveratrol with being responsible for the protective effects of red wine [ , ], it is certainly not the only cause. Indeed, stilbene concentrations in red wine are so low that a human being would have to consume more than 60 liters daily to reach the levels required to increase longevity and provide the same protective effects as those observed in animal models [ ]. Resveratrol is thus a minor component of the human diet, and its potential therapeutic use would only be probably possible at pharmacological doses. A naturally dimethylated analog of resveratrol, pterosilbene, exhibits similar biological activities including an antioxidant activity [ ]. However, pterostilbene has been shown to display a higher in vivo bioavailability, possibly due to increased lipophilicity induced by the substitution of a methoxy rather than a hydroxyl group [ ]. Pterostilbene is a molecule found in blueberries [ ] and grapes [ ]. Unfortunately, there are no reported estimates regarding pterostilbene intake in humans. Joseph et al. Quite recently, it has been shown that, at equivalent and diet-achievable doses, pterostilbene is a more potent modulator of cognition and cellular stress than resveratrol, likely driven by increased peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha PPAR- α expression and the aforementioned methoxy moiety [ ]. The evidence of a neuroprotective action of resveratrol in vitro and in vivo has generated a lot of interest pertaining to its use in preventing neurodegenerative diseases [ ]. The potential therapeutic activity of resveratrol in AD has also been reported by Marambaud et al. who tested the neuroprotective activity of various polyphenols such as resveratrol, quercetin and catechin in series of cell lines. Resveratrol was particularly effective in reducing, in a dose-dependent manner, the production of intracellular A β peptides via a proteasome-dependent mechanism [ ]. In animals, oral administration of a grape-seed polyphenol extract containing resveratrol significantly attenuates the development of tau neuropathology in a mouse model of AD [ ]. Treatment with a standardized grape polyphenol preparation containing resveratrol leads to the improvement of cognitive function and greatly reduces total amyloid content in the brain of J20 AD mice, an animal model of A β pathology [ ]. Studies carried out in mice show that resveratrol administration protects mice from MPTP-induced hydroxyl radical overloading and dopaminergic neuron loss [ 79, ]. This action has been attributed to the resveratrol-induced activation of SIRT1, as the protective effect is lost in the presence of a SIRT1 inhibitor [ ]. Overall, although the modulating effect on oxidative stress remains an essential element in the neuroprotective effect of resveratrol, it is becoming clear that other cellular mechanisms also underlie such effects of polyphenols and their metabolites in AD and PD [ ]. The consumption of resveratrol-rich foods, such as berries, cocoa and grapes [ 64 ], throughout life holds strong potential to limit or delay neurodegeneration and to prevent or reverse the age-dependent deterioration in cognitive performance. In order to understand whether polyphenols and their metabolic derivatives are capable of directly inducing neuroprotective effects, it is important to know whether they can access the central nervous system. To enter the brain, absorbed polyphenols or their active metabolites must first cross the blood brain barrier BBB. Some studies have reported that polyphenols can be found in brain tissue after oral ingestion. For instance, some flavanols, such as metabolites of catechin and epicatechin, can be found in the rat brain following oral intake [ 9, 97, — ]. Some flavonoids, including dietary anthocyanins such as cyanidinrutinoside and pelargonidinglucoside, are also able to cross the BBB in relevant in vitro and in situ models [ ]. Moreover, anthocyanins have also been detected in different regions of the brain of rats [ ] and pigs fed blueberries [ , ], and at trace levels in brains of rats fed a blueberry extract-enriched diet containing anthocyanins for 10 weeks [ 10 ]. However, several reports have confirmed that orally administered resveratrol after being absorbed by the organism, crosses the BBB and is incorporated into the brain [ — ]. Despite the brain functional effect of polyphenols evidenced in human, there is a lack of information concerning their brain bioavailability. How polyphenols cross the BBB is still under debate. To gain access to the brain, a polyphenol must be highly lipid-soluble, or subject to transport processes [ , ]. In addition, polyphenols are regarded as xenobiotics by the body, and their bioavailability can be severely affected by ABC transporter efflux pumps which are present at the BBB. These pumps reject xenobiotics across the BBB, from the brain to the blood [ , , ]. However, certain polyphenols are known to inhibit these transporters, thereby facilitating the accumulation of other substrates into the brain, increasing their central bioavailabilty [ , ]. In addition, most studies have been performed in animals with metabolic rates and levels of transporter expression, which differs from humans. Thus, the conclusion of these studies must be interpreted carefully pertaining to BBB transport and biodistribution occurring in a human setting. Finally, whether the concentrations of polyphenols or their metabolites found in cerebral tissue are sufficient to exert pharmacological actions remain to be determined. However, the accumulating data at least suggest that the brain is not completely impermeable to these families of compounds. The constantly increasing number of elderly people is dramatically linked with an increase in the prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases. This is one of the major medical and socio-economic challenges of modern societies. Various mechanisms leading to memory deficiency with aging have been described. Among these, inflammation, the modification of oxidative status and DNA damage can all have a strong impact on memory processes, reducing cerebral plasticity and leading to the loss of neurons and the diminution of synaptic connectivity. As discussed in this review, it appears that berries, which are rich in phenolic compounds, exert beneficial effects by attenuating age-related cognitive decline and, possibly as well, on the development of neurodegenerative diseases. Both berries and well-characterized polyphenols such as flavanols, anthocyanins and resveratrol can have beneficial effects on the brain, and more broadly, have been shown to display important biological properties. To better understand their neuroprotective effects, it is essential to identify their active ingredients and their mechanisms of action. Polyphenols are ubiquitous in plant foods and beverages and can therefore be consumed daily in the diet. However, the majority of the data used to support this neuroprotective effect comes from studies dealing with a complex mix of compounds with high polyphenol contents. Furthermore, the effects of the structural changes undergone by polyphenols during metabolism and their interaction with the BBB have not yet been adequately studied to draw clear conclusions on their cerebral bioavailability. Moreover, most of these studies have been performed in animals, and it is now important to develop clinical studies to validate the data gathered so far. Indeed, nutritional intervention studies must be carried out to confirm that polyphenols could be a valuable asset in strategies aimed at delaying or preventing age-related cognitive decline and the development of neurodegenerative diseases in human. Since there are much evidences in the literature in favor of the preventive and therapeutic benefits of polyphenols, to understand their mechanisms, the timing and scope of administration of these compounds in aging and disease processes is an achievable goal. Further investigations are now needed to expand our understanding of the dynamic role these dietary compounds play in the alleviation of age-associated risk factors in the brain. Joseph JA , Shukitt-Hale B , Casadesus G. Reversing the deleterious effects of aging on neuronal communication and behavior: Beneficial properties of fruit polyphenolic compounds. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. Esposito E , Rotilio D , Di Matteo V , Di Giulio C , Cacchio M , Algeri S. A review of specific dietary antioxidants and the effects on biochemical mechanisms related to neurodegenerative processes. Neurobiology of Aging. Evans DA , Funkenstein HH , Albert MS , Scherr PA , Cook NR , Chown MJ , et al. Higher than previously reported. Nicita-Mauro V. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Supplement. Queen BL , Tollefsbol TO. Polyphenols and aging. Current Aging Science. Gomez-Pinilla F. Brain foods: The effects of nutrients on brain function. Nature Reviews Neuroscience. Haque AM , Hashimoto M , Katakura M , Tanabe Y , Hara Y , Shido O. Long-term administration of green tea catechins improves spatial cognition learning ability in rats. The Journal of Nutrition. Kaur T , Pathak CM , Pandhi P , Khanduja KL. Effects of green tea extract on learning, memory, behavior and acetylcholinesterase activity in young and old male rats. Brain and Cognition. Williams CM , El Mohsen MA , Vauzour D , Rendeiro C , Butler LT , Ellis JA , et al. Blueberry-induced changes in spatial working memory correlate with changes in hippocampal CREB phosphorylation and brain-derived neurotrophic factor BDNF levels. Andres-Lacueva C , Shukitt-Hale B , Galli RL , Jauregui O , Lamuela-Raventos RM , Joseph JA. Anthocyanins in aged blueberry-fed rats are found centrally and may enhance memory. Nutritional Neuroscience. Shukitt-Hale B , Lau FC , Joseph JA. Berry fruit supplementation and the aging brain. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. Dinges DF. Cocoa flavanols, cerebral blood flow, cognition, and health: Going forward. Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology. Krikorian R , Shidler MD , Nash TA , Kalt W , Vinqvist-Tymchuk MR , Shukitt-Hale B , et al. Blueberry supplementation improves memory in older adults. Krikorian R , Nash TA , Shidler MD , Shukitt-Hale B , Joseph JA. Concord grape juice supplementation improves memory function in older adults with mild cognitive impairment. The British Journal of Nutrition. Krikorian R , Boespflug EL , Fleck DE , Stein AL , Wightman JD , Shidler MD , et al. Concord grape juice supplementation and neurocognitive function in human aging. Letenneur L. Risk of dementia and alcohol and wine consumption: A review of recent results. Biological Research. Letenneur L , Proust-Lima C , Le Gouge A , Dartigues JF , Barberger-Gateau P. Flavonoid intake and cognitive decline over a year period. American Journal of Epidemiology. Spencer JP , Vauzour D , Rendeiro C. Flavonoids and cognition: The molecular mechanisms underlying their behavioural effects. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics. Sun AY , Simonyi A , Sun GY. Barger JL , Kayo T , Vann JM , Arias EB , Wang J , Hacker TA , et al. A low dose of dietary resveratrol partially mimics caloric restriction and retards aging parameters in mice. PloS One. Agarwal B , Baur JA. Resveratrol and life extension. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. Pearson KJ , Baur JA , Lewis KN , Peshkin L , Price NL , Labinskyy N , et al. Resveratrol delays age-related deterioration and mimics transcriptional aspects of dietary restriction without extending life span. Cell Metabolism. Valenzano DR , Terzibasi E , Genade T , Cattaneo A , Domenici L , Cellerino A. Resveratrol prolongs lifespan and retards the onset of age-related markers in a short-lived vertebrate. Current Biology: CB. Dal-Pan A , Terrien J , Pifferi F , Botalla R , Hardy I , Marchal J , et al. Caloric restriction or resveratrol supplementation and ageing in a non-human primate: First-year outcome of the RESTRIKAL study in Microcebus murinus. Age Dordr. Harada N , Zhao J , Kurihara H , Nakagata N , Okajima K. Resveratrol improves cognitive function in mice by increasing production of insulin-like growth factor-I in the hippocampus. The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry. Manach C , Scalbert A , Morand C , Remesy C , Jimenez L. Polyphenols: Food sources and bioavailability. Collin S , Crouzet J. Park DC , Reuter-Lorenz P. The adaptive brain: Aging and neurocognitive scaffolding. Annual Review of Psychology. Blennow K , de Leon MJ , Zetterberg H. Walker LC , Ibegbu CC , Todd CW , Robinson HL , Jucker M , LeVine H 3rd , et al. Biochemical Pharmacology. Seno H , Parisi JE , Okazaki H , Ishino H. Morris JC , Storandt M , McKeel DW Jr , Rubin EH, Price JL, Grant EA, et al. Drachman DA. If we live long enough, will we all be demented? Dickson DW , Crystal HA , Mattiace LA , Masur DM , Blau AD , Davies P , et al. Identification of normal and pathological aging in prospectively studied nondemented elderly humans. Petersen RC. Mild cognitive impairment as a diagnostic entity. Journal of Internal Medicine. Wimo A , Jönsson L , Bond J , Prince M , Winblad B. The worldwide economic impact of dementia Alzheimers Dement. Meek PD , McKeithan K , Schumock GT. Brookmeyer R , Gray S , Kawas C. American Journal of Public Health. Forstl H , Kurz A. European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience. Khan Z , Martín-Montañez E , Navarro-Lobato I , Muly E. Memory deficits in aging and neurological diseases. Prog Mol Biol Transl Sci. Celone KA , Calhoun VD , Dickerson BC , Atri A , Chua EF , Miller SL , et al. The Journal of Neuroscience. Gainotti G , Quaranta D , Vita MG , Marra C. Jak AJ , Bangen KJ , Wierenga CE , Delano-Wood L , Corey-Bloom J , Bondi MW. Contributions of Neuropsychology and Neuroimaging to Understanding Clinical Subtypes of Mild Cognitive Impairment in: Alireza M, editor. International Review of Neurobiology. Volume : Academic Press; , pp. Peña-Casanova J , Sánchez-Benavides G , de Sola S , Manero-Borrás RM , Casals-Coll M. Archives of Medical Research. Molinuevo JL , Gómez-Anson B , Monte GC , Bosch B , Sánchez-Valle R , Rami L. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics. Rao AT , Degnan AJ , Levy LM. Genetics of Alzheimer disease. American Journal of Neuroradiology. Wenk GL. The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry. Hooper NM. Roles of proteolysis and lipid rafts in the processing of the amyloid precursor protein and prion protein. Biochemical Society Transactions. Prakasam A , Muthuswamy A , Ablonczy Z , Greig NH , Fauq A , Rao KJ , et al. Differential accumulation of secreted AbetaPP metabolites in ocular fluids. Padmaraju V , Indi SS , Rao KS. New evidences on Tau-DNA interactions and relevance to neurodegeneration. Neurochem Int. Barrio JR , Kepe V , Satyamurthy N , Huang SC , Small G. Amyloid and tau imaging, neuronal losses and function in mild cognitive impairment. Sambamurti K , Pappolla MA , Jagannatha Rao KS. Value in development of a TAPIR-like mouse monoclonal antibody to Abeta. Utsuki T , Yu QS , Davidson D , Chen D , Holloway HW , Brossi A , et al. The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. Heredia L , Lin R , Vigo FS , Kedikian G , Busciglio J , Lorenzo A. Deposition of amyloid fibrils promotes cell-surface accumulation of amyloid beta precursor protein. Neurobiology of Disease. Sofi F , Macchi C , Abbate R , Gensini GF , Casini A. Lifestyle-related factors in predementia and dementia syndromes. Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics. Nehlig A. The neuroprotective effects of cocoa flavanol and its influence on cognitive performance. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. Kawas CH. Medications and diet: Protective factors for AD? Alzheimer Disease and Associated Disorders. Luchsinger JA , Noble JM , Scarmeas N. Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports. Calon F , Lim GP , Yang F , Morihara T , Teter B , Ubeda O , et al. Calon F , Cole G. Neuroprotective action of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids against neurodegenerative diseases: Evidence from animal studies. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. Calon F. Current Alzheimer Research. Vauzour D. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. Foltynie T , Kahan J. J Neurol. Obeso JA , Rodriguez-Oroz MC , Benitez-Temino B , Blesa FJ , Guridi J , Marin C , et al. Movement disorders: Official journal of the Movement Disorder Society. Aarsland D , Tandberg E , Larsen JP , Cummings JL. Frequency of dementia in parkinson disease. Archives of Neurology. Korczyn AD , Reichmann H. Dementia with Lewy bodies. Journal of the Neurological Sciences. Walker Z , Allen RL , Shergill S , Katona CL. The British Journal of Psychiatry. Diagnosis and management of dementia with Lewy bodies: Third report of the DLB Consortium. Boeve BF. Noyce AJ , Bestwick JP , Silveira-Moriyama L , Hawkes CH , Giovannoni G , Lees AJ , et al. Meta-analysis of early nonmotor features and risk factors for Parkinson disease. Annals of Neurology. Van Maele-Fabry G , Hoet P , Vilain F , Lison D. Environment International. de Lau LM , Breteler MM. The Lancet Neurology. Costa J , Lunet N , Santos C , Santos J , Vaz-Carneiro A. Connolly BS , Lang AE. Pharmacological treatment of parkinson disease: A review. Bronstein JM , Tagliati M , Alterman RL , Lozano AM , Volkmann J , Stefani A , et al. Deep brain stimulation for Parkinson disease: An expert consensus and review of key issues. Arch Neurol. Grosso C , Valentão P , Ferreres F , Andrade P. The use of flavonoids in central nervous system disorders. Curr Med Chem. Blanchet J , Longpré F , Bureau G , Morissette M , DiPaolo T , Bronchti G , et al. Resveratrol, a red wine polyphenol, protects dopaminergic neurons in MPTP-treated mice. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry. Antioxidant Capacity As Influenced by Total Phenolic and Anthocyanin Content, Maturity, and Variety of Vaccinium Species. Goyarzu P , Malin DH , Lau FC , Taglialatela G , Moon WD , Jennings R , et al. Blueberry supplemented diet: Effects on object recognition memory and nuclear factor-kappa B levels in aged rats. Coultrap SJ , Bickford PC , Browning MD. Blueberry-enriched diet ameliorates age-related declines in NMDA receptor-dependent LTP. CyanidinO-galactoside and Blueberry Extracts Supplementation Improves Spatial Memory and Regulates Hippocampal ERK Expression in Senescence-accelerated Mice. Biomedical and Environmental Sciences: BES. Joseph JA , Shukitt-Hale B , Denisova NA , Bielinski D , Martin A , McEwen JJ , et al. Reversals of age-related declines in neuronal signal transduction, cognitive, and motor behavioral deficits with blueberry, spinach, or strawberry dietary supplementation. The Journal of neuroscience: The Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience. Dias AS , Porawski M , Alonso M , Marroni N , Collado PS , Gonzalez-Gallego J. Quercetin decreases oxidative stress, NF-kappaB activation, and iNOS overexpression in liver of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Martinez-Florez S , Gutierrez-Fernandez B , Sanchez-Campos S , Gonzalez-Gallego J , Tunon MJ. Quercetin attenuates nuclear factor-kappaB activation and nitric oxide production in interleukin-1beta-activated rat hepatocytes. Joseph JA , Shukitt-Hale B , Denisova NA , Prior RL , Cao G , Martin A , et al. Long-term dietary strawberry, spinach, or vitamin E supplementation retards the onset of age-related neuronal signal-transduction and cognitive behavioral deficits. Shukitt-Hale B , Carey AN , Jenkins D , Rabin BM , Joseph JA. Beneficial effects of fruit extracts on neuronal function and behavior in a rodent model of accelerated aging. Shukitt-Hale B , Carey A , Simon L , Mark DA , Joseph JA. Effects of Concord grape juice on cognitive and motor deficits in aging. Shukitt-Hale B , Cheng V , Joseph JA. Effects of blackberries on motor and cognitive function in aged rats. Shih PH , Chan YC , Liao JW , Wang MF , Yen GC. Antioxidant and cognitive promotion effects of anthocyanin-rich mulberry Morus atropurpurea L. Vogiatzoglou A , Mulligan AA , Luben RN , Lentjes MA , Heiss C , Kelm M , et al. Assessment of the dietary intake of total flavanols, monomeric flavanols, proanthocyanidins and theaflavins in the European Union. Asha Devi S , Sagar Chandrasekar BK , Manjula KR , Ishii N. Grape seed proanthocyanidin lowers brain oxidative stress in adult and middle-aged rats. Experimental Gerontology. Balu M , Sangeetha P , Murali G , Panneerselvam C. Age-related oxidative protein damages in central nervous system of rats: Modulatory role of grape seed extract. International journal of developmental neuroscience: The official Journal of the International Society for Developmental Neuroscience. Devi A , Jolitha AB , Ishii N. Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract GSPE and antioxidant defense in the brain of adult rats. Medical science monitor: International Medical Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research. Rendeiro C , Vauzour D , Rattray M , Waffo-Teguo P , Merillon JM , Butler LT , et al. Dietary levels of pure flavonoids improve spatial memory performance and increase hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor. van Praag H , Lucero MJ , Yeo GW , Stecker K , Heivand N , Zhao C , et al. Plant-derived flavanol - epicatechin enhances angiogenesis and retention of spatial memory in mice. Schroeter H , Bahia P , Spencer JP , Sheppard O , Rattray M , Cadenas E , et al. Journal of Neurochemistry. Spencer JP , Schroeter H , Kuhnle G , Srai SK , Tyrrell RM , Hahn U , et al. The Biochemical Journal. Huang Q , Wu LJ , Tashiro S , Gao HY , Onodera S , Ikejima T. Journal of Pharmacological Sciences. Vafeiadou K , Vauzour D , Lee HY , Rodriguez-Mateos A , Williams RJ , Spencer JP. The citrus flavanone naringenin inhibits inflammatory signalling in glial cells and protects against neuroinflammatory injury. Wang J , Varghese M , Ono K , Yamada M , Levine S , Tzavaras N , et al. Cuevas E , Limón D , Pérez-Severiano F , Díaz A , Ortega L , Zenteno E , et al. Antioxidant effects of Epicatechin on the hippocampal toxicity caused by Amyloid-beta in rats. European Journal of Pharmacology. Ejaz Ahmed M , Khan MM , Javed H , Vaibhav K , Khan A , Tabassum R , et al. Neurochemistry International. Desideri G , Kwik-Uribe C , Grassi D , Necozione S , Ghiadoni L , Mastroiacovo D , et al. Benefits in Cognitive Function, Blood Pressure, and Insulin Resistance Through Cocoa Flavanol Consumption in Elderly Subjects With Mild Cognitive Impairment: The Cocoa, Cognition, and Aging CoCoA Study. Neuroprotective effects of ± -catechin against 1-methylphenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine MPTP -induced dopaminergic neurotoxicity in mice. Neuroscience Letters. Ruan H-l , Yang Y , Zhu X-n , Wang X-l , Chen R-z. Similar potency of catechin and its enantiomers in alleviating 1-methylphenylpyridinium ion cytotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology. Teixeira MDA , Souza CM , Menezes APF , Carmo MRS , Fonteles AA , Gurgel JP , et al. Catechin attenuates behavioral neurotoxicity induced by 6-OHDA in rats. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior. Del Rio D , Costa LG , Lean ME , Crozier A. Polyphenols and health: What compounds are involved? Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases: NMCD. Absorption and metabolism of anthocyanins in elderly women after consumption of elderberry or blueberry. Barros D , Amaral OB , Izquierdo I , Geracitano L , do Carmo Bassols Raseira M , Henriques AT , et al. Behavioral and genoprotective effects of Vaccinium berries intake in mice. Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior. Cho J , Kang JS , Long PH , Jing J , Back Y , Chung KS. Antioxidant and memory enhancing effects of purple sweet potato anthocyanin and cordyceps mushroom extract. Archives of Pharmacal Research. Ramirez MR , Izquierdo I , do Carmo Bassols Raseira M , Zuanazzi JA , Barros D , Henriques AT. Effect of lyophilised Vaccinium berries on memory, anxiety and locomotion in adult rats. Pharmacological research: The Official Journal of the Italian Pharmacological Society. Purple sweet potato color ameliorates cognition deficits and attenuates oxidative damage and inflammation in aging mouse brain induced by d-galactose. Papandreou MA , Dimakopoulou A , Linardaki ZI , Cordopatis P , Klimis-Zacas D , Margarity M , et al. Effect of a polyphenol-rich wild blueberry extract on cognitive performance of mice, brain antioxidant markers and acetylcholinesterase activity. Behavioural Brain Research. Rendeiro C , Vauzour D , Kean RJ , Butler LT , Rattray M , Spencer JP , et al. Blueberry supplementation induces spatial memory improvements and region-specific regulation of hippocampal BDNF mRNA expression in young rats. Rendeiro C , Foley A , Lau VC , Ring R , Rodriguez-Mateos A , Vauzour D , et al. A role for hippocampal PSA-NCAM and NMDA-NR2B receptor function in flavonoid-induced spatial memory improvements in young rats. Lau FC , Bielinski DF , Joseph JA. Inhibitory effects of blueberry extract on the production of inflammatory mediators in lipopolysaccharide-activated BV2 microglia. Journal of Neuroscience Research. Tarozzi A , Morroni F , Merlicco A , Bolondi C , Teti G , Falconi M , et al. Neuroprotective effects of cyanidin 3-O-glucopyranoside on amyloid beta 25—35 oligomer-induced toxicity. Hung T-C , Chang T-T , Fan M-J , Lee C-C , Chen CY-C. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. Cao W , Konsolaki M. J Biosci. Gutierres JM , Carvalho FB , Schetinger MRC , Marisco P , Agostinho P , Rodrigues M , et al. Life Sciences. Gutierres JM , Carvalho FB , Schetinger MRC , Rodrigues MV , Schmatz R , Pimentel VC , et al. Protective effects of anthocyanins on the ectonucleotidase activity in the impairment of memory induced by scopolamine in adult rats. Strathearn KE , Yousef GG , Grace MH , Roy SL , Tambe MA , Ferruzzi MG , et al. Brain Research. Dreiseitel A , Korte G , Schreier P , Oehme A , Locher S , Domani M , et al. Berry anthocyanins and their aglycons inhibit monoamine oxidases A and B. Polyphenols représente a superfamily of diverse naturally occurring phytochemicals, which exert a particularly potent antioxidant activity, thereby contributing to delay skin aging. Aging is associated with a gradual decline of physiological and cognitive functions. Hundreds of genetic factors, called longevity-related genes, have been identified to modulate lifespan and healthspan in model organisms ranging from yeast e. Skin aging is a complex, progressive and inevitable biological process. Although it is primarily a physiological process i. Premature skin aging is manifested by accelerated induction of wrinkling, scaling, roughness, dryness, laxity, as well as mottled pigment abnormalities including hypo-pigmentation and hyperpigmentation, and can be caused by the detrimental effects of xenobiotics agents or environmental e. One of the major features of aging skin is the pro-gressive proteolytic degradation of cutaneous elastic fibers that cannot be adequately replaced or repaired by adult dermal fibroblasts. Interestingly, a recent study showed quantitative and qualitative differences in the oxidative stress generated either by chronological aging or by hotoaging in the skin of hairless mice. Plants are the source of important products with nutritional and therapeutic value. There is emerging evidence that topical application or oral intake of some polyphenol-rich plant extracts can reduce a number of degenerative diseases and skin conditions such as skin aging. Globally, there are three main types of polyphenols: the flavonoids, the stilbenes, and the lignans, which are classified by the number of phenol rings they contain as well as the binding properties of the ring structures. Resveratrol has been detected in more than 70 plant species e. They are also found in low quantities in the human diet e. Being widely abundant and relatively inexpensive, the use of polyphenols is highly attractive to researchers as a cost-effective alternative or as a strategy to supplement current skin pharmacologic therapeutics, [ 20 ] skin protection agents e. Skin, the largest organ of the body, is the organ in which changes associated with aging are most visible. The skin is made up of three main layers: the hypodermis, the dermis, and the epidermis. Similar to the entire organism, skin is subject to an unpreventable intrinsic aging process e. Intrinsic skin aging is characterized by atrophy of the skin with loss of elasticity and slowed metabolic activity. In summary, the central aspects of the skin aging are reflected by the intracellular and extracellular oxidative stress initiated by two main events: 1 the formation of ROS, and 2 the induction of matrix metalloproteinases MMPs. ROS e. The induction of MMPs, which leads to the accumulation of fragmented collagen fibrils, which prevents neocollagenesis and accounts for the further degradation of the extracellular matrix ECM by means of positive feedback regulation. In recent years, epidemiological and biochemical studies have shown that the occurrence of various diseases e. Indeed, antioxidants such as flavonoids and phenolic acids play a main role in fighting ROS, and the inhibiting mechanisms of photoaging by polyphenols e. In this regard, the evaluation of local polyphenolbased anti-aging therapy e. Briefly, it is now well-accepted that topical polyphenol-rich products i. Further, polyphenol-rich agents should strengthen the use of some esthetic techniques, supporting the role of topical antioxidants as antiaging factors. For instance, a recent study using adult female volunteers n , reported that the addition of skin polyphenolic antioxidant-based serum enhanced the dermatologic changes i. This was seen following facial treatments using microdermabrasion, a reliable, non-invasive tool for facial rejuvenation. Nevertheless, one should also keep in mind that some polyphenols could be a double-edged sword for the human skin, exerting both protective i. The traditional use of plants in medication e. Polyphenols are believed to have photo-protective anti-aging effects through decreasing inflammation and acting as a scavenger of free radicals. For many compounds, a large number of well-conducted clinical studies are required to prove their safety and efficacy before they are used as anti-aging cosmeceutics, anti-aging neutraceutics, or as adjuvant therapeutics. Besides, the complexity of polyphenol-rich extracts of the whole food product e. fruit blend might be more beneficial to treat skin conditions e. However, highly purified polyphenols are important for the study of biological effects and in unraveling mechanisms of action. Essentially, clinical studies combining pure polyphenols, polyphenol extracts or polyphenolbased nano-formulations with other modalities e. Encyclopedia Scholarly Community. Entry Journal Book Video Image About Entry Entry Video Image. Submitted Successfully! Thank you for your contribution! You can also upload a video entry or images related to this topic. Version Summary Created by Modification Content Size Created at Operation 1 The article deals with the importance of polyphenols, natural functional biocompounds, which exert potent antioxidant and anti inflammatory effects on skin, allowing to delay aging appearance. Farid Menaa. Peter Tang. Video Upload Options Do you have a full video? Send video materials Upload full video. Confirm Are you sure to Delete? Yes No. If you have any further questions, please contact Encyclopedia Editorial Office. MDPI and ACS Style MDPI and ACS Style AMA Style Chicago Style APA Style MLA Style. Menaa, F. Polyphenols against Skin Aging. Menaa F. Accessed February 15, Menaa, Farid. In Encyclopedia. Copy Citation. Home Entry Topic Review Current: Polyphenols against Skin Aging. This entry is adapted from the peer-reviewed paper Polyphenols Skin Anti-aging Antioxidant Inflammation Cosmetics. Introduction Aging is associated with a gradual decline of physiological and cognitive functions. Polyphenols Benefits on Skin Aging: An Overview Skin, the largest organ of the body, is the organ in which changes associated with aging are most visible. Conclution The traditional use of plants in medication e. References E De Luca D'alessandro; S Bonacci; G Giraldi; Aging populations: the health and quality of life of the elderly.. Kenyon C. Nature , , Luigi Fontana; Linda Partridge; Valter D Longo; Extending Healthy Life Span--From Yeast to Humans. Science , , , Haigis M. Molecular Cell , 40 , Nazif Alic; Linda Partridge; Death and dessert: nutrient signalling pathways and ageing. Current Opinion in Cell Biology , 23 , , Yuqing Dong; Sujay Guha; Xiaoping Sun; Min Cao; Xiaoxia Wang; Sige Zou; Nutraceutical Interventions for Promoting Healthy Aging in Invertebrate Models. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity , , , Ichihashi M. Toxicology , , Mukhtar H. Photochemistry and Photobiology , 63 , , Felipe Jiménez; Thomas F. Mitts; Kela Liu; Yanting Wang; Aleksander Hinek; Ellagic and Tannic Acids Protect Newly Synthesized Elastic Fibers from Premature Enzymatic Degradation in Dermal Fibroblast Cultures. Journal of Investigative Dermatology , , , Peres; V. Terra; F. Guarnier; R. Cecchini; A. Cecchini; Photoaging and chronological aging profile: Understanding oxidation of the skin. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology , , , Joi A. Nichols; Santosh K. Katiyar; Skin photoprotection by natural polyphenols: anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and DNA repair mechanisms. Archives of Dermatological Research , , , Daniele Del Rio; L. Costa; M. Lean; A. Crozier; Polyphenols and health: What compounds are involved?. Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases , 20 , , Claudine Manach; Augustin Scalbert; Christine Morand; Christian Rémésy; Liliana Jiménez; Polyphenols: food sources and bioavailability. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition , 79 , , Massimo D'archivio; Carmela Filesi; Roberta Di Benedetto; Raffaella Gargiulo; Claudio Giovannini; Roberta Masella; Polyphenols, dietary sources and bioavailability.. |
| Types of polyphenols | NRF2 can also be anti-agjng through imine Polyphenols and anti-aging analogues with varied substitution Polyphenos of hydroxylation and methoxylation [ Polyphenls ]. Diet Plant-based health benefits CR Polyphenols and anti-aging a crucial role in healthy aging. Mol Cell Biol 24 19 — CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar Dinkova-Kostova AT, Holtzclaw WD, Cole RN, Itoh K, Wakabayashi N, Katoh Y et al Direct evidence that sulfhydryl groups of Keap1 are the sensors regulating induction of phase 2 enzymes that protect against carcinogens and oxidants. EGCG, anthocyanin, resveratrol, phlopertin, spermidine, butyrate, and β-hydroxybutyrate are presented in senior-induced 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and modulate the pro-inflammatory SASP through the effect of NRF2 on SIRT3. CAS Google Scholar. |
| Polyphenols and ageing | However, polyphenols can help boost collagen synthesis, keeping our skin looking youthful and vibrant. CrossRef Google Scholar. However, further preclinical work is needed to determine the most neuroactive nutraceutical formulations, whether through the diet or supplement, to subsequently design and perform informative clinical trials. aaw PubMed Abstract CrossRef Full Text Google Scholar. Asha Devi S, Manjula KR, Sagar Chandrasekhar BK, Ishii N Grape seed proanthocyanidin lowers brain oxidative stress in the adult and middle-aged rats. |
| Polyphenols against Skin Aging | Encyclopedia MDPI | By contrast, fully substituted derivatives Proper fluid intake for young athleteslacking critical hydroxyl anti-ating, show greatly anr or zero antioxidant capabilities Polyphwnols 27 ]. Archives Hyperglycemia and lifestyle modifications Neurology. Youdim Anti-aing, Qaiser MZ, Begley DJ, Rice-Evans CA, Abbott NJ Flavonoid permeability across an in situ model of the blood-brain barrier. Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience. Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics. LTP is widely recognized as a cellular correlate of memory formation, and this result suggests the normalization of synaptic plasticity by diet [ 82 ]. |
0 thoughts on “Polyphenols and anti-aging”