Blood sugar control and liver health -
This article will investigate the association between fatty liver disease and diabetes, whether one condition impacts the other, and how they can be managed effectively.
NAFLD is sometimes called fatty liver disease or hepatic steatosis. As its name implies, heavy alcohol use does not cause this form of liver disease. NAFLD is becoming more common in Western countries, especially in the United States.
NAFLD is one of the most common forms of liver disease in the country. Up to two-thirds of people with type 2 diabetes have NAFLD, according to the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.
With type 1 diabetes on the rise nationally, the rate of NAFLD is also expected to increase. Some people who have NAFLD may develop nonalcoholic steatohepatitis NASH. NASH may progress to liver scarring and damage cirrhosis and liver failure, which can be life threatening. The main cause of NAFLD in people with diabetes is overweight or obesity.
Weight loss is one way to slow the progression or reverse the development of NAFLD. You can do this through regular physical exercise and calorie restriction. High fructose consumption is also associated with the development of NAFLD.
Limiting or avoiding high-sugar foods and drinks, like processed foods and sodas, can also be helpful in preventing or slowing the progression of NAFLD.
NAFLD is also common in people with high blood pressure and cholesterol. If you have NAFLD and it has progressed to NASH, some studies have linked taking statins to improved liver function and reduced cardiovascular events. Research notes that those statin-related benefits are specific to people without any liver issues after 3 years.
Oftentimes, NAFLD has no symptoms until it has progressed to advanced stages cirrhosis or liver failure. Having NAFLD may not affect your day-to-day at the beginning, but it can worsen over time. One contributing factor is having elevated blood glucose levels, like if you live with diabetes.
One study found that the average 3-month blood glucose levels of people with NAFLD determined their likelihood of having more severe cirrhosis, which can lead to liver failure.
A study found that NAFLD can lead to the overproduction of glucose, leading to insulin resistance and abnormal blood sugar levels. Over time, this can develop into prediabetes and type 2 diabetes. Rather, one goal is to lose and manage weight to help slow the progression of both conditions.
One way you can manage your weight is by eating a balanced, nutritious diet. Whole foods are one way to do this. Consider adding more of these foods to your diet:.
Your doctor can help you create a quit plan that works for you and your needs. There are no medications that can reverse NAFLD. But you can help slow its progression and, in some cases, reverse its damage with certain lifestyle strategies.
These include:. Rapid weight loss may actually make NAFLD worse , so aim to lose no more than 1 to 2 pounds per week. One pilot study out of Japan suggests taking a glucagon-like peptide-1 GLP-1 analog can help weight loss if you have diabetes and NAFLD.
Researchers in a study pointed out that taking thiazolidinediones, a drug for type 2 diabetes, may be beneficial for people who also have NAFLD.
These medications help reduce insulin resistance and may lead to weight loss. According to a study , dipeptidyl peptidase-4 DPP-4 inhibitors may be beneficial if you have NAFLD and type 2 diabetes because they can lead to:. NAFLD affects up to two-thirds of people with type 2 diabetes.
NAFLD often does not have any symptoms in its beginning stages but can lead to liver failure when not treated. Higher blood sugars can also make NAFLD more difficult to treat, and having NAFLD can increase blood sugars. The best treatment for NAFLD is weight loss.
Eating a balanced diet and getting more exercise into your daily routine can help you manage your weight. You may also want to talk with your doctor about taking certain medications, such as GLP-1 analogs, thiazolidinediones, or dipeptidyl peptidase-4 DPP-4 inhibitors, to help you lose weight and improve insulin sensitivity.
When not treated, NAFLD can lead to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis NASH , an aggressive form of NAFLD. It may also progress to cirrhosis and liver failure, which can be life threatening.
Our experts continually monitor the health and wellness space, and we update our articles when new information becomes available. Type 2 diabetes raises the risk of developing nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and other liver conditions.
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The researchers then examined liver samples taken from 19 people with obesity during bariatric surgery procedures. They analyzed gene expression in the liver tissue and found that those with insulin resistance had high levels of expression for genes related to GABA production and activity.
To explain their results, the researchers say that excess fat in the liver increases the release of GABA, which then suppresses the firing of the hepatic vagal afferent nerve, a line of communication between the liver and the brain.
Suppression of this nerve with GABA, they explain, as seen in other appetite regulators, increases food intake and weight gain, which goes on to increase insulin resistance. Allowing this nerve to fire as normal has the inverse effect of reducing food intake, weight gain, and insulin resistance.
The researchers also tested GABA-T inhibitory methods on lean mice. As these mice already had low levels of GABA production in their livers, the drugs had little to no effect on their insulin levels, blood sugar, and body mass.
The researchers conclude that targeting GABA production in the liver may improve glucose homeostasis, decrease food intake, and reduce body mass — exclusively among those with obesity. Lucy Chambers, the head of research communications at Diabetes UK , who was not involved in the study, told Medical News Today.
Additional human studies are now needed to explore the link between liver GABA production and insulin sensitivity and food intake further. Diabetes management includes artificial insulin and lifestyle adjustments.
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Sutar H. Harris; Elevated Liver Function Injury prevention in the workplace in Type 2 Diabetes. Clin Diabetes Bloof July ; 23 Nurturing healthy sugar levels : — Individuals with type 2 diabetes liveg a higher incidence Blood sugar control and liver health liver function test abnormalities than individuals who do not have diabetes. Mild chronic elevations of transaminases often reflect underlying insulin resistance. Elevation of transaminases within three times the upper limits of normal is not a contraindication for starting oral antidiabetic or lipid-modifying therapy. In contrast, antidiabetic agents have generally been shown to decrease alanine aminotransferase levels as tighter blood glucose levels are achieved.A liver condition long associated with Type Blood sugar control and liver health diabetes might actually cause Nurturing healthy sugar levels disease, and testing Brain boosting supplements it could halth an early warning for cpntrol individuals, according to a Cedars-Sinai study.
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Bergman is the study's corresponding author. Previous research by Bergman's team has shown that African Americans tend to have more trouble with hepatic insulin clearance. The scientific community has long regarded reduced hepatic insulin clearance to be a result of diabetes.
But an analysis of recent and historic data from multiple studies suggests that the condition may be a primary driver of Type 2 diabetes, according to Bergman, professor of Biomedical Sciences and Medicine and the Alfred Jay Firestein Chair in Diabetes Research. The liver plays an important role in regulating many systems in the human body.
When a liver cannot adequately process and clear out excess insulin, the hormone floods the bloodstream and throws the body's chemistry out of balance. Bergman and his team propose that this chain of events triggers Type 2 diabetes in patients who already have been made vulnerable by multiple genetic and lifestyle factors.
The investigators cautioned that their hypothesis has not been proven. She was co-investigator for the study. Bergman said he and colleagues plan to pursue further studies to help clarify whether reduced hepatic insulin degradation can lead to Type 2 diabetes, at least in some at-risk groups.
Funding: Research reported in this publication was supported by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases of the National Institutes of Health under award numbers DK and DK Duality of interest : Bergman is supported by grants from AstraZeneca and Janssen Research and Development and is an advisory board member of Novo Nordisk.
Read more on the Cedars-Sinai Blog: Prediabetes: A Tool for Change. Cedars-Sinai Study: Liver Condition Might Cause Type 2 Diabetes. Analysis Suggests the Liver's Failure to Properly Process Insulin Could Provide Early Warning of Diabetes for At-Risk Individuals. A liver condition could be a cause of Type 2 diabetes, new published research shows.
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: Blood sugar control and liver health| Parameters for Monitoring Glycemic Control | Follow Mayo Clinic. Front Public Health. READ MORE. Over a 2-year period, patients on pioglitazone had no increased risk of liver failure or hepatitis beyond that of patients on the other antidiabetic agents. Artificial sweeteners: Any effect on blood sugar? |
| Cedars-Sinai: Liver Condition Might Cause Type 2 Diabetes | Register Now. Take a moment to review the definitions and illustrations above. Measuring glycemic control can be challenging in patients with CLD. Sulfonylureas and their use in clinical practice. Analysis Suggests the Liver's Failure to Properly Process Insulin Could Provide Early Warning of Diabetes for At-Risk Individuals. |
| The Connection Between Type 2 Diabetes and Liver Disease | Mohamed J, Nazratun Nafizah AH, Zariyantey Ah, Budin SB. Mechanisms of diabetes-induced liver damage: the role of oxidative stress and inflammation. Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J. Yang JD, Ahmed F, Mara KC, et al. Diabetes is associated with increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhosis patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Kumar R. Hepatogenous diabetes: an underestimated problem of liver cirrhosis. Indian J Endocrinol Metab. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. Insulin resistance and prediabetes. Orsi E, Grancini V, Menini S, Aghemo A, Puglieses G. Hepatogenous diabetes: Is it time to separate it from type 2 diabetes? Liver Int. Lee YH, Cho Y, Lee BW, et al. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in diabetes. Part I: epidemiology and diagnosis. Diabetes Metab J. Akmal k, Hassabo H, Botrus G, et al. Impact of metformin on HCC prognosis. Cancer Res. Ly Z, Guo Y. Metformin and its benefits for various diseases. Front Endocrinol Lausanne. Sumida Y, Yoneda M, Tokushige K, et al. Antidiabetic therapy in the treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Int J Mol Sci. Cusi K, Orsak B, Bril F, et al. Long-term pioglitazone treatment for patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and prediabetes or type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors. Seghieri M, Christensen AS, Andersen A, Solini A, Knop FK, Vilsboll T. Hsu WH, Sue SP, Liang HL, et al. Dipeptidyl deptidase 4 inhibitors decrease the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with dhronic hepatitis C infection and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a nationwide study in Taiwan. Front Public Health. Yen FS, Wei JCC, Yip HT, HWu CM, Hou MC, Hsu CC. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors may accelerate cirrhosis decompensation in patients with diabetes and liver cirrhosis: a nationwide population-based cohort study in Taiwan. Hepatol Int. Yang H, Choi E, Park E, et al. Pharmacol Res Perspect. Sola D, Rossi L, Schianca GPC, Maffioli P, et al. Sulfonylureas and their use in clinical practice. Arch Med Sci. Grayson BE, Woods SC. Chapter Insulin. In: Handbook of Biologically Active Peptides Second Edition. New York NY: Elsevier; Liu CY, Chen KF, Chen PJ. Treatment of liver cancer. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med. Type 1 diabetes. Gatselis NK, Zachou K, Koukoulis GK, Dalekos GN. Autoimmune hepatitis, one disease with many faces: etiopathogenetic, clinico-laboratory and histological characteristics. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Chronic liver disease and cirrhosis. Das BK, Gadad, DP. Impact of diabetes on the increased risk of hepatic cancer: an updated review of biological aspects. Diabetes Epidemiol Management. Diabetes risk factors. El-Serag HB, Kanwal F, Feng Z, Marrero JA, Khaderi S, Singal AG. Risk factors for cirrhosis in contemporary hepatology practices—findings from Texas Hepatocellular Carcinoma Consortium Cohort. How to prevent diabetes. Vento S, Cainelli F. Chronic liver diseases must be reduced worldwide: it is time to act. Lancet Glob Health. James Myhre is an American journalist and HIV educator. Use limited data to select advertising. Create profiles for personalised advertising. Use profiles to select personalised advertising. Create profiles to personalise content. Use profiles to select personalised content. Measure advertising performance. Measure content performance. Understand audiences through statistics or combinations of data from different sources. Develop and improve services. Use limited data to select content. List of Partners vendors. Type 2 Diabetes. Medically reviewed by Shadi Hamdeh, MD. Table of Contents View All. Table of Contents. How They Are Linked. Risk Factors. What Is the Function of the Liver? Cause and Risk Factors of Liver Disease. Cause or Effect? Complications of Untreated Diabetes. Risk Factors Type 2 Diabetes Over age 45 Having obesity Smoking Physical inactivity Family history of diabetes Having MASLD. Chronic Liver Disease Over age 60 Having obesity Smoking Excessive alcohol use Hepatitis B or C Having type 2 diabetes. How Type 2 Diabetes Is Treated. Types 2 Diabetes Maintain a healthy weight. Exercise regularly. Eat a healthier diet with less saturated fats and sugar. Stop smoking. Chronic Liver Disease Maintain a healthy weight. Eat a healthier diet with less saturated fats. Reduce your alcohol intake. Get vaccinated for hepatitis B. Use condoms during sex to avoid hepatitis B. Avoid sharing needles to avoid hepatitis B and C. How to Choose the Right Liver Specialist. Frequently Asked Questions Is liver damage from diabetes reversible? Learn More: Can I Drink If I Have Cirrhosis? Will I get liver disease if I have diabetes? Does diabetes increase the risk of liver cancer? Learn More: Liver Cancer Risk Factors. Verywell Health uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. The researchers also tested GABA-T inhibitory methods on lean mice. As these mice already had low levels of GABA production in their livers, the drugs had little to no effect on their insulin levels, blood sugar, and body mass. The researchers conclude that targeting GABA production in the liver may improve glucose homeostasis, decrease food intake, and reduce body mass — exclusively among those with obesity. Lucy Chambers, the head of research communications at Diabetes UK , who was not involved in the study, told Medical News Today. Additional human studies are now needed to explore the link between liver GABA production and insulin sensitivity and food intake further. Diabetes management includes artificial insulin and lifestyle adjustments. Read on to learn more. Researchers said baricitinib, a drug used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, showed promise in a clinical trial in helping slow the progression of type 1…. A new review indicates that insulin—used to manage diabetes—can be kept at room temperature for months without losing its potency. A study in rat models of diabetes suggests that spinach extract — both water- and alcohol-based — may help promote wound healing, which occurs very…. MIT researchers developed a small implantable device that improved insulin production in mice. If the device were developed for humans, it could offer…. My podcast changed me Can 'biological race' explain disparities in health? Why Parkinson's research is zooming in on the gut Tools General Health Drugs A-Z Health Hubs Health Tools Find a Doctor BMI Calculators and Charts Blood Pressure Chart: Ranges and Guide Breast Cancer: Self-Examination Guide Sleep Calculator Quizzes RA Myths vs Facts Type 2 Diabetes: Managing Blood Sugar Ankylosing Spondylitis Pain: Fact or Fiction Connect About Medical News Today Who We Are Our Editorial Process Content Integrity Conscious Language Newsletters Sign Up Follow Us. Medical News Today. Health Conditions Health Products Discover Tools Connect. Treatments targeting the liver could treat type 2 diabetes. By Annie Lennon on July 6, — Fact checked by Hannah Flynn. Share on Pinterest New research suggests a new treatment pathway for type 2 diabetes. Mouse studies. Results exclusive for obesity. Share this article. Latest news Ovarian tissue freezing may help delay, and even prevent menopause. RSV vaccine errors in babies, pregnant people: Should you be worried? Scientists discover biological mechanism of hearing loss caused by loud noise — and find a way to prevent it. How gastric bypass surgery can help with type 2 diabetes remission. Atlantic diet may help prevent metabolic syndrome. Related Coverage. How to treat diabetes. Medically reviewed by Alan Carter, PharmD. |
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