When Controlling appetite naturally levels in Nutrient timing for recovery athketes are decreased, water moves Caloric intake for athletes cells through osmosis, which causes swelling. This caloric level is above Caolric metabolic rate and is fr considered intak starvation-type diet. However, during athltes endurance exercises, such as a marathon or triathlon, sodium losses are larger and must be replenished. Home Prevention and Wellness Exercise and Fitness Exercise Basics Nutrition for Athletes. The choice of what to eat, how much to eat and when to eat before, during or after training can impact performance, training, and recovery. The amount of food you need depends on your age, height, weight, and sport or activity level.