Potassium and immune function -
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They activate your adaptive immune system, which takes weeks to rally the troops. Sodium, or Na, regulates a myriad of functions in the human body, including:.
As it turns out, high sodium concentrations especially in the skin have a potent antimicrobial effect. The high-salt mice had higher sodium concentrations in the skin, which triggered increased immune protection in the form of anti-parasitic macrophages in those areas.
Higher sodium intakes may also have anti-cancer effects. A paper from the journal Frontiers In Immunology found that a high-salt diet blocked certain cells called myeloid suppressor cells that create favorable conditions for tumor growth. In other words, high salt intakes enhanced anti-cancer immunity.
But those with cancer need sodium for another reason: to reduce the risk of hyponatremia. Hyponatremia, or dangerously low sodium levels, is linked to increased mortality in cancer patients. Finally, those with autoimmune disease may want to avoid high sodium intakes. As you learned earlier, heavy doses of salt may activate the innate immune system.
That said, many people experience remarkable improvements in their autoimmune condition when shifting to a low carb or even carnivore diet.
Fundamentally, a ketogenic diet is highly anti-inflammatory — and to make it work properly, one likely needs to supplement sodium intake. So, folks with autoimmune conditions would do well to monitor symptoms when tinkering with both low carb and supplemental electrolytes.
This may be a story in which sodium is a problem in the context of a modern, highly processed diet — not in the case of whole-food based, low-carb eating. Potassium, or K, has a balancing effect on sodium. Together, they regulate blood pressure, nerve signals, and the immune system.
Specifically, potassium regulates the membrane potential, or the difference between the electrical charge inside and outside a cell. The membrane potential not only allows cells to stay powered like a battery , but also allows for the transmission of signals within and between cells.
These signals, in turn, help direct immune activity. Sodium fires it up, potassium cools it down. In fact, high potassium concentrations have been shown in the lab to inhibit an inflammatory complex called the NLRC4 inflammasome. Too much, however, and your immune system will significantly damage tissues.
Heart disease is a prime example of inflammation gone overboard. When inflammation is high, LDL particles are more likely to become engulfed by white blood cells and form dangerous plaques inside blood vessels.
Reduced inflammation may explain, in part, why a high potassium intakes are protective against heart disease. It may also explain why potassium-deficient patients are at higher risk for inflammatory kidney infection.
Found in dark leafy greens, magnesium is a mineral that does it all. Physiologically speaking, that is. For example, you need magnesium to make adenosine triphosphate ATP , the coin that powers every cell in your body.
Magnesium also influences immune health, an effect most obvious in magnesium-deficient patients. Here are several immune-related consequences of magnesium deficiency:.
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In fact, there needs to be a balance of sodium and water in your body. Adding sodium into your water thorough a replenishing electrolyte beverage daily should be enough to meet your sodium needs.
Potassium balances out the sodium and together they regulate immunity response. Specifically, potassium works in the membrane of the cells to turn it on and transmit signals between cells think of it as communication and direct activity of the immune system.
Your body needs magnesium to make its T-cells which fight viruses and kill them. You want to stay efficiently hydrated always and get water plus your key electrolytes daily.
Doing so will ensure your immune system is ready to go when you need it. In addition to immunity, you may know there are other supplements that are catered to support cold and flu symptoms or prevent them all together. Accelerate your hydration, fight off infections and help with cold and flu symptom relief with this all-in-one immunity blend containing electrolytes sodium, potassium, and magnesium , elderberry, echinacea and zinc.
Elderberry is high in antioxidants and has antiviral benefits. Researchers reported after a study, that elderberry prevented the growth of certain types of strep bacteria and influenza viruses.
Echinacea is loaded with plant compounds functioning as antioxidants. Our bodies are designed for a high-potassium diet, not a high-salt diet. Food processing tends to lower the potassium levels in many foods while increasing the sodium content. It is much better to eat unprocessed foods — such as fruit, vegetables and lean meats, eggs, fish and other healthy, everyday foods.
Be guided by your doctor, some people with kidney disease , or who are taking some medications, need to be careful not to get too much potassium in their diet.
A small amount of sodium is important for good health as it helps to maintain the correct volume of circulating blood and tissue fluids in the body.
Most of us are consuming far more sodium than we need. In fact, many Australians are consuming almost double the amount required.
Too much sodium can lead to high blood pressure hypertension and other health conditions. Salt is the main source of sodium in our diet. It is a chemical compound electrolyte made up of sodium and chloride.
Many foods — wholegrains, meat and dairy products — naturally contain small amounts of sodium, while highly processed foods usually contain large amounts. The fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E and K can be locked away in the liver and body fat, and stored for a long time.
The water-soluble vitamins, including B-complex and vitamin C, are mostly only stored for a shorter period. A vitamin deficiency takes weeks or months before it will affect your health. For instance, it would take months of no vitamin C before you developed scurvy.
Vitamin and mineral supplements may be recommended in certain circumstances to correct vitamin and mineral deficiencies — such as folate for women who are pregnant or planning a pregnancy. Others who may be at risk of a vitamin or mineral deficiency include:. Remember, supplements are a short-term measure and should only be taken on advice from your doctor or a dietitian.
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Skip to main content. Healthy eating. Home Healthy eating. Vitamins and minerals. Actions for this page Listen Print. Summary Read the full fact sheet. On this page. About vitamins and minerals Types of vitamins and their functions Vitamin A Vitamin B Vitamin C Vitamin C deficiency and scurvy Vitamin D Vitamin E Vitamin K Types of minerals and their functions Calcium Iodine Iron Zinc Magnesium Potassium Sodium Vitamin and mineral deficiencies and supplements Where to get help.
About vitamins and minerals Vitamins and minerals are organic compounds that our bodies use in very small amounts for a variety of metabolic processes. Vitamins and minerals can cause toxicity if consumed in large amounts. Types of vitamins and their functions Vitamins and minerals are a form of nutrient called micronutrients that are needed in small amounts.
Vitamin A Vitamin A is important because it: makes the immune system work effectively so it can fight disease and infections keeps our skin healthy supports reproduction and growth helps with vision.
Food sources of vitamin A There are different compounds with vitamin A activity in animal and plant foods. Plant sources include: orange and yellow fruit and vegetables — such as carrots, red capsicum, mangoes, sweet potatoes, apricots, pumpkin and cantaloupe leafy green vegetables — such as spinach, peas and broccoli.
Animal sources include: liver eggs some fortified milk and milk products with added vitamin A. Vitamin A deficiency risks Because of the various roles that vitamin A plays in the body, deficiency can have several health effects. These include: increased risk of infections night blindness and irreversible blindness xeropthalmia excessive keratin build-up of the skin.
Vitamin B B-group vitamins help our bodies use the energy-yielding nutrients such as carbohydrates, fat and protein for fuel. Vitamin C Dietary intake of vitamin C from food and drinks is essential, because the human body cannot make this vitamin from other compounds.
Vitamin C ascorbic acid is important for many metabolic processes, including: Collagen formation — collagen is used in different ways throughout the body. Its primary role is to strengthen the skin, blood vessels and bone. The body also relies on collagen to heal wounds. Antioxidants are substances that destroy free radicals, and vitamin C is a powerful antioxidant.
Iron absorption — the process of iron absorption is aided by vitamin C, particularly non-haem iron found in plant foods such as beans and lentils. Infection fighting — the immune system , particularly cells called lymphocytes, requires vitamin C for proper functioning.
Other roles — vitamin C is used to produce other important substances in the body such as brain chemicals neurotransmitters.
Dietary sources of vitamin C Adults need about 45mg of vitamin C per day and any excess amount above mg is excreted. These include: fruit — oranges, lemons, limes, grapefruits, blackcurrants, mangoes, kiwifruits, rock melon, tomatoes and strawberries vegetables — particularly green vegetables such as cabbage, capsicum, spinach, Brussels sprouts, lettuce and broccoli , cauliflower and potatoes.
Vitamin C deficiency and scurvy A severe lack of vitamin C can lead to scurvy. Factors or lifestyle issues that may increase your scurvy risk include: regularly eating unhealthy foods crash dieting — especially being on diets that exclude certain food groups being malnourished due to inadequate care very strict allergy diets having an eating disorder smoking — smokers need more vitamin C to cope with the extra stress on their body.
Scurvy symptoms The onset of symptoms of scurvy depends on how long it takes for the person to use up their limited stores of vitamin C. If you or someone you care for is at risk, please see your doctor. Vitamin D Vitamin D is important for strong bones, muscles and overall health.
Your doctor will test your potassium levels to make sure they stay normal. Adrogue HJ, Madias NE. The impact of sodium and potassium on hypertension risk. Semin Nephrol. Cogswell ME, Zhang Z, Carriquiry AL, et al. Sodium and potassium intakes among US adults: NHANES Am J Clin Nutr.
Dickinson HO, Nicolson DJ, Campbell F, Beyer FR, Mason J. Potassium supplementation for the management of primary hypertension in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. Drewnowski A, Maillot M, Rehm C. Reducing the sodium-potassium ratio in the US diet: a challenge for public health.
Goyal A, Spertus JA, Gosch K, et al. Serum potassium levels and mortality in acute myocardial infarction. He FJ, MacGregor GA. Beneficial effects of potassium on human health. Physiol Plant. Hermansen K. Diet, blood pressure and hypertension.
Br J Nutr. Houston MC. Treatment of hypertension with nutraceuticals, vitamins, antioxidants and minerals. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther. Kleneker LM, Gansevoort RT, Mukamal KJ, et al. Urinary potassium excretion and risk of developing hypertension: the prevention of renal and vascular end-stage disease study.
Krauss RM, Eckel RH, Howard B, et al. AHA dietary guidelines. Revision A statement for healthcare professionals from the Nutrition Committee of the American Heart Association. Lanham-New SA. The balance of bone health: tipping the scales in favor of potassium-rich, bicarbonate-rich foods.
J Nutr. Larsson SC, Orsini N, Wolk A. Dietary potassium intake and risk of stroke: a dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies. Leonard CE, Razzaghi H, Freeman CP, Roy JA, Newcomb CW, Hennessy S.
Empiric potassium supplementation and increased survival in users of loop diuretics. PLoS One. Matsui H, Shimosawa T, Uetake Y, Wang H, Ogura S, Kaneko T, et al.
Protective effect of potassium against the hypertensive cardiac dysfunction: association with reactive oxygen species reduction. Myers VH, Champagne CM.
Nutritional effects on blood pressure. Curr Opin Lipidol. Matsumura M, Nakashima A, Tofuku Y. Electrolyte disorders following massive insulin overdose in a patient with type 2 diabetes.
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Hydration also helps Potassium and immune function sending signals Potassium and immune function biochemical reactions to and from Potassim immune immube. Ever notice when abd are sick, people may recommend electrolytes Potassium and immune function your water? It funftion help if you think Enhance athletic performance your immune system as Post-workout protein powders fighter jet, eliminating any invaders or intruders the invaders being threats such as viruses, germs, and unwanted pathogens. Your immune system can fight off enemies from invading your body by using T-cells and antibodies as defence its weapons if you will. Just the same, your immune system requires specific nutrients to run properly. These nutrients include electrolytes; specifically, sodium, magnesium, and potassium. Note: electrolytes have many purposes in the body, but for the purpose of this article, we are focusing on immunity.
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