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Dr. Sid Stohs, PhD discusses Citrus Aurantium Extract, bitter orange, Advantra Z® and p-synephrine.Citrus aurantium for stress relief -
METHODS: We studied 60 ASA I patients undergoing minor operation. In a randomized double-blind design, two groups of 30 patients received one of the following oral premedication two hours before induction of anesthesia: 1 Citrus aurantium blossom distillate 1 mL.
kg-1 C-group ; 2 Saline solution 1 mL. kg-1 as placebo P-group. Anxiety was measured before and after premedication using the Spielberger state-trait anxiety inventory STAI-state and the Amsterdam preoperative anxiety and information scale APAIS before operation.
A visita no pré-operatório e a utilização de pré-medicação são os métodos mais populares para se atingir esse objetivo, mas o papel da pré-medicação ansiolítica permanece incerto e os efeitos colaterais no pós-operatório podem partir de uma pré-medicação de rotina.
Citrus aurantium é usado como medicina alternativa em alguns países para tratar a ansiedade. Recentemente, o papel ansiolítico dessa planta medicinal foi estabelecido em um estudo realizado em modelo animal. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito ansiolítico da flor de Citrus aurantium sobre a ansiedade pré-operatória.
MÉTODOS: Foram estudados 60 pacientes ASA I submetidos a uma pequena cirurgia. Em um desenho randomizado e duplo-cego, dois grupos de 30 pacientes receberam uma das seguintes MPA oral duas horas antes da indução da anestesia: 1 Citrus aurantium destilado 1 mL.
kg-1 Grupo C ; 2 solução salina 1 mL. kg-1 como placebo Grupo P. A ansiedade foi medida antes e após pré-medicação com o Inventário de Ansiedade Traço-Estado IDATE e a Escala de Ansiedade e Informação Pré-Operatória de Amsterdam APAIS antes da operação.
CONCLUSÕES:Citrus aurantium pode mostrar-se eficaz na redução da ansiedade pré-operatória em cirurgias de pequeno porte.
La visita en el preoperatorio y la utilización de premedicación, son los métodos más populares para alcanzar ese objetivo, pero el rol de la premedicación ansiolítica permanece como incierto y los efectos colaterales en el postoperatorio pueden originarse de una premedicación de rutina.
El Citrus aurantium es usado como medicina alternativa en algunos países para tratar la ansiedad. Recientemente, el papel ansiolítico de esa planta medicinal quedó establecido en un estudio realizado en un modelo animal.
El objetivo de este estudio, fue evaluar el efecto ansiolítico de la flor del Citrus aurantium sobre la ansiedad preoperatoria. MÉTODOS: Fueron estudiados 60 pacientes ASA I sometidos a una pequeña operación.
En un proyecto randomizado y doble ciego, dos grupos de 30 pacientes recibieron una de las siguientes MPA oral dos horas antes de la inducción de la anestesia: 1 Flor del Citrus aurantium destilado 1 mL.
kg-1 Grupo C ; 2 solución salina 1 mL. La ansiedad se midió antes y después de la premedicación con el Inventario de Ansiedad Trazo-Estado IDATE , y la Escala de Ansiedad e Información Preoperatoria de Ámsterdam APAIS antes de la operación. I MD; Associate Professor of Anesthesiology, Anesthesiology Department, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
II MD; Assistant Professor of Anesthesiology, Medicinal Plants Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran. III PhD; Professor of Pharmacology, Medicinal Plants Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
IV MA; Lecturer of Nursing, Medicinal Plants Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran. V MD; General Practitioner, Medicinal Plants Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
VI Pharmacy Student, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, International Branch, Shiraz, Iran. kg -1 C-group ; 2 Saline solution 1 mL. kg -1 as placebo P-group.
Keywords: Citrus ; Flowers; Preoperative Care; Anxiety; Ambulatory Surgical Procedures. There is no doubt that people awaiting surgery experience anxiety 1 This phenomenon is closely related to fear from a new unfamiliar environment, fear of surgery and death 2.
Related to this large number of preoperative anxious patients, preoperative anxiety could influence on the course and outcomes of surgical treatments 3.
The correlation between preoperative anxiety and some complications such as postoperative pain, postoperative intravenous sedation, or more anesthetic requirements have been established by some studies Maranets et al. Reducing anxiety is very important before operation.
Several methods have been suggested towards reducing or controlling this psychological problem related to operation. Pre-anesthesia assessment in an outpatient clinic as well as visit during hospitalization in the evening just before surgery may reduce preoperative anxiety 8.
Besides the advantages of preoperative visit and reassurance of the patient before surgery, premedication with anxiolytic and sedative drugs may reduce preoperative anxiety 9.
On the other hand, the role of anxiolytic premedication remains unclear and postoperative side-effects may result from routine premedication Citrus aurantium , commonly known as sour orange or bitter orange local name in Iran: Nareng is produced in Northern and Southern Iran.
Traditionally, Citrus aurantium is used as an alternative medicine in some countries to treat anxiety, insomnia and as an anticonvulsant, suggesting depressive action upon the central nervous system CNS In an anxiety model study, Citrus aurantium was able to enhance the sleeping time induced by barbiturates.
In animal model, this sedative effect was in accordance with traditional use of citrus aurantium In spite of traditional use of Citrus aurantium for reducing anxiety and its sedative effect in animal model 12 , we believe that preoperative anxiolytic effect of Citrus aurantium blossom has not been studied so far.
The present study was designed to assess the effect of Citrus aurantium blossom on preoperative anxiety in patients scheduled for elective minor surgery.
Ethical approval for this study Ethical Committee No. Yousefi on February 9, Written informed consent was obtained from 60 consecutive outpatients, aged year, ASA physical status I scheduled for lower limb minor operation under general anesthesia. Preoperative visit was done by an anesthetist the day before operation.
Exclusion criteria were coexisting CNS diseases, malignancy, a variety of neuropsychological disorders, use of medications including drugs related to surgery, and any history of smoking or opium addiction, as well as any cardiovascular disease.
None of the patients had previous anesthesia and surgical experiences as well as any history of hospitalization. Routine sedative premedication was not offered to patients participating in this study, instead premedication with either Citrus aurantium blossom distillate CABd or placebo was assumed for two groups of study two hours before operation.
Patients enrolled in this study were assigned into two groups of 30 each; using a computer-base random allocation and double blind manner.
Fresh petals and stamens of Citrus aurantium blossoms were collected from adult sour orange plants, existing in south Iran, at Medicinal Plants Research Center of Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences.
Citrus aurantium blossom distillate CABd was obtained by steam distillation and then protected until pharmacological assays. CABd was standardized based on measurement of linalool, total phenolic and flavonoid compounds as follows:.
Linalool concentration was determined by a reversed phase HPLC method C18 column, Agilent, Germany An ultraviolet UV detector was used with wavelength of nm to obtain the chromatograph corresponding to linalool. Mobile phase consisted of 0. Flow rate was 1. min -1 and injection volume was µL.
A standard curve was drawn using the area under the curves resulted from different doses of linalool. The experiment was repeated for three times and the amount of linalool in the sample was determined using this standard curve.
The amount of total phenolic compounds in CABd was determined colorimetrically with the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, using the method described by Kim A solution of 5 mL CABd or Gallic acid standard phenolic compound was mixed with Folin Ciocalteu reagent diluted with distilled water and aqueous Na 2 CO 3 4 mL, 1 M.
The mixtures were allowed to stand for 15 min and the total phenols were determined by colorimetry at nm. A standard curve was prepared using 0, 50, , , , and mg. Total phenol values were expressed in terms of Gallic acid equivalent mg. g -1 , which is a common reference compound.
The experiment was repeated for three times. The amount of total flavonoids in the CABd was determ ined using colorimetric method as described by Chang A solution of 0. Then the absorbance of the reaction mixture was measured at nm with a double beam spectrophotometer Unico UV, Japan.
The calibration curve was prepared using Rutin solutions at concentrations of 25 to ppm in methanol. Total flavonoids were expressed in terms of Rutin equivalent mg. The retention time of linalool with the condition described in Methods section was 2. The amount of linalool in the sample was 10 ppm part per million.
Total phenolic contents of CABd were 33 ± 0. For natural relief of anxiety, some individuals turn to aromatherapy involving the use of lemongrass essential oil , an oil sourced from the lemongrass herb Cymbopogon citratus.
Inhaling the scent of the oil or applying it to skin sparingly after combining it with a carrier oil is thought to promote relaxation and reduce anxiety symptoms. Although there's limited research on the effectiveness of lemongrass essential oil, a study published in the Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine in found that participants exposed to lemongrass essential oil had an immediate reduction in anxiety and tension and recovered quickly from an anxiety-inducing situation compared to those who inhaled a control aroma tea tree oil or a placebo.
An aromatherapy remedy with a sweet and spicy aroma, neroli essential oil is sometimes used to ease anxiety. Proponents claim that breathing in the scent of this essential oil sourced from the flowers of the bitter orange tree can help promote calm and stop excessive worrying.
Research on the effects of neroli citrus aurantium L. essential oil is fairly limited. In a study published in Hepato-gastroenterology , for instance, participants inhaled either neroli oil or a control sunflower oil before undergoing a colonoscopy.
Inhalation of neroli is used as a sedative in some health centers outside the United States. A study showed improvement in menopausal symptoms in menopausal women and a decrease in PMS symptoms in university subjects with inhalation of neroli.
A study using olfactory stimuli with lemon found that it improved concentration, mood, and memory in fourth-grade pupils.
Lemon essential oil , sourced from the leaves of the lemon plant, have been found in preliminary studies in animals to have sedative and anxiety-reducing properties. Rich in linalool a compound found in lemons, oranges, basil, mangos, grapes, lavender, and other foods and flowers , practitioners of aromatherapy often use lemon essential oil to relieve stress, improve mood, promote sleep, and ease symptoms of depression.
In the UK, personal aromatherapy inhaler devices have been used in a cancer center to promote relaxation and relieve nausea, with lemon essential oil being one of the most commonly used scents. A scent long used in aromatherapy, Japanese yuzu essential oil is sometimes touted as a natural solution for stress relief.
It's thought that breathing in the citrus fragrance of this essential oil can suppress sympathetic nervous system activity responsible for the body's fight or flight response and, in turn, promote relaxation.
Ten minutes of yuzu scent inhalation was found to decrease salivary chromogranin A an indicator of stress and sympathetic nervous system activity and negative emotional stress, according to a small study. In a study published in Complementary Therapies in Medicine , inhalation of yuzu essential oil decreased anxiety levels in mothers caring for sick children at a pediatric clinic.
Need to unwind? Preliminary research suggests that breathing in the sweet aroma of orange essential oil may help alleviate your anxiety. A s tud y published in the Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine , for instance, found that participants who inhaled sweet orange essential oil did not have an increase in anxiety or tension during an anxiety-inducing situation, unlike those who inhaled a control aroma tea tree oil or a placebo.
Another type of orange essential oil known as bitter orange Citrus aurantium was found to reduce anxiety during a simulated public speaking event, according to a study. More than million Americans have high blood pressure, a major risk factor for heart disease.
Preliminary research also suggests that ylang ylang essential oil a substance long used in aromatherapy may be of some benefit to people with high blood pressure. For instance, a small study published in found that breathing in the scent of an aromatherapy blend containing ylang ylang essential oil led to a decrease in blood pressure and stress-hormone levels.
While it's too soon to recommend ylang ylang essential oil for blood pressure control, incorporating aromatherapy with ylang ylang into your self-care routine might offer stress-reducing benefits that could enhance your overall health.
Although ylang-ylang can be relaxing, don't use it before an exam. One study comparing ylang-ylang aroma with peppermint aroma found that while peppermint enhanced memory, ylang-ylang caused calmness but impaired memory and lengthened processing speed.
An aromatherapy oil with a sweet, woody scent, frankincense essential oil is sometimes used to unwind and ease stress. Typically sourced from the resin of the boswellia tree, frankincense essential oil is also said to alleviate anxiety.
So far, research on the stress-relieving effects of frankincense essential oil is very limited. While there's currently a lack of scientific support for the claim that frankincense can fight stress, it's possible that using this essential oil in combination with relaxing oils like lavender, rose , and orange drops of the oil onto a cloth or tissue could help you calm down.
When using essential oils, make sure to combine the oil with a carrier oil such as jojoba, sweet almond, or avocado , before applying it to your skin or adding it to your bath.
You can also use an aromatherapy diffuser or vaporizer, or sprinkle a few drops of the oil onto a cloth or tissue and then breathe in its aroma. Despite aromatherapy's long history of use, there is still a lack of large-scale clinical trials exploring the effects of aromatherapy on anxiety.
While an essential oil combined with a carrier oil and massaged into your skin or added to a bath may help you unwind after a stressful day, consult your healthcare provider before using essential oils for any condition. While nearly everyone experiences stress every now and then, it's important to watch out for signs of an anxiety disorder.
If you're experiencing symptoms like a near-constant presence of worry or tension, difficulty concentrating, and sleep disruption, or have other symptoms that concern you, be sure to talk to your healthcare provider. Chamine I, Oken BS.
Aroma Effects on Physiologic and Cognitive Function Following Acute Stress: A Mechanism Investigation. J Altern Complement Med. Chen MC, Fang SH, Fang L. The effects of aromatherapy in relieving symptoms related to job stress among nurses.
Int J Nurs Pract. Han X, Gibson J, Eggett DL, Parker TL. Bergamot Citrus bergamia Essential Oil Inhalation Improves Positive Feelings in the Waiting Room of a Mental Health Treatment Center: A Pilot Study. Phytother Res. Product Name: Neroli Blossom Org EO Latin Name: Citrus aurantium var.
amara Country of Origin: Tunisia Method of Extraction: Steam Distilled Cultivation: Organic General Description: Neroli Blossom Org EO is steam distilled from the blossoms of the bitter orange tree. The oil is a pale yellow to amber liquid with a sweet, floral, and citrusy scent. It is a delicate oil that requires careful handling during production to maintain its quality and aroma.
Notes: Middle Common Uses: Neroli Blossom Org EO is widely used in the fragrance industry for its sweet, floral scent. It is also used in aromatherapy for its calming and uplifting properties, helping to relieve stress and anxiety. It is known for its benefits to the skin, helping to improve the appearance of scars and stretch marks.
Characteristics: Pale yellow to amber liquid, sweet, floral, and citrusy scent. Blends with: Neroli Blossom Org EO blends well with many other essential oils including lavender, rose, jasmine, and ylang ylang.
Cautions: Neroli Blossom Org EO is generally considered safe for use, but may cause skin irritation in some individuals. Always dilute before use and perform a patch test. Avoid use during pregnancy.
Stress is auarntium response of tor body Performance enhancement Citrus aurantium for stress relief demands placed on it, tsress have an impact on anxiety, depression, and Cittus pain. Citrus aurantium for stress relief telief of synthetic drugs causes side Cutrus such Weight reduction aids irritation of the digestive tract and drowsiness. Therefore, it is necessary to use alternative therapies, one of which is the use of natural ingredients in the form of aromatherapy massage oil. This study aimed to formulate aromatherapy massage oil from the essential oils of lavender, chamomile, and petitgrain. The formulas were then put through organoleptic, pH, and viscosity tests to see how they looked and how stable they were. The stability test was carried out at room temperature on days 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, 14, 21, and Product Reliwf Neroli Blossom Citruz EO Latin Name: Citrus aurantium var. amara Country of Origin: Tunisia Method of Extraction: Steam Distilled Cultivation: Organic General Scalability testing methodologies Neroli Blossom Org EO is steam distilled Eelief the arantium of the bitter orange tree. The oil is a pale yellow to amber liquid with a sweet, floral, and citrusy scent. It is a delicate oil that requires careful handling during production to maintain its quality and aroma. Notes: Middle Common Uses: Neroli Blossom Org EO is widely used in the fragrance industry for its sweet, floral scent. It is also used in aromatherapy for its calming and uplifting properties, helping to relieve stress and anxiety.
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