Energy drinks for increased metabolism -
In the event of sphericity violations, Greenhouse-Geisser corrections were employed. Follow up for significant effects was performed using pairwise comparisons with Tukey adjustment via the emmeans package [ 26 ]. Although ANOVA procedures and follow up pairwise comparisons were based on transformed data when appropriate due to normality violations, raw data are presented in the figures to aid interpretability.
Leg press variables were analyzed using paired-samples t-tests. Data were analyzed using R v. All data analysis was conducted and finalized prior to unblinding of beverage conditions. Following the initial screening process, 19 individuals were deemed eligible for participation, signed the informed consent document, and began the study.
Three participants withdrew from the study one due to onset of minor illness unrelated to the study, and two due to scheduling conflicts. Sixteen participants 8 males, 8 females completed all aspects of data collection.
Participant demographics are presented in Table 1. However, EE increased by approximately 0. Additionally, post-exercise EE was approximately 0. Changes in resting metabolic rate RMR; panel a and respiratory exchange ratio RER; panel b , assessed via indirect calorimetry, are displayed.
For RMR, a significant condition by time interaction was observed using ANOVA with repeated measures. Subsequently, Tukey post-hoc comparisons were performed.
Asterisks indicate significant differences between conditions at the specified time point, while E and PL indicate significant differences in the energy drink or placebo conditions, respectively, relative to the pre-beverage value. For RER, a significant main effect for time was observed. T indicates a significant difference from the pre-beverage time point in both groups combined.
Following consumption of the energy drink, EE increased approximately 1. There were no baseline differences in EE between the energy drink or placebo conditions. EE following consumption of the energy drink was 0. Squat Performance. Values for isokinetic and isometric performance on the mechanized squat device are displayed, with both time points occurring after beverage ingestion.
Pre-RE tests were performed following the second indirect calorimetry assessment and prior to the resistance exercise RE testing, while post-RE tests occurred immediately after RE leg press testing.
Values are displayed for peak concentric force PF CON ; panel a , peak eccentric force PF ECC ; panel b , peak isometric force at the degree knee angle PF ISO ; panel c , peak isometric force at the degree knee angle PF ISO ; panel d , peak rate of force development at the degree knee angle RFD ; panel e , and peak rate of force development at the degree knee angle RFD ; panel f.
Data were analyzed using ANOVA with repeated measures, along with Tukey post-hoc comparisons. Follow up indicated that RFD was lower at the second attempt as compared to the first. Leg Press Performance.
Paired-samples t-tests were performed to examine group-level differences in leg press 1-repetition maximum 1RM; panel a and repetitions to failure panel c. No differences between conditions were observed.
Error bars indicate SD, and individual responses are displayed in panels b and d. Subjective Variables. Subject evaluations of energy a , fatigue b and focus c , evaluated via digital analog scale, are displayed. Data were analyzed via ANOVA with repeated measures, and main effects of time were observed for all three variables.
Results of Tukey post-hoc comparisons are displayed, with shared letters indicating no difference between time points. The purpose of this investigation was to assess acute changes in force production, muscular endurance, and metabolism following consumption of a commercially available caffeine- and protein-containing energy drink.
The results of this study suggest that in the context of a laboratory environment, consumption of the energy drink had minimal effect on lower body muscular performance measures, including maximal force production, muscular strength, endurance, and rate of force development. Similarly, consumption of the energy drink was not found to influence subjective ratings of energy, fatigue, or focus.
However, the energy drink was found to significantly increase energy expenditure immediately following ingestion, as well as during the recovery period after a strenuous bout of exercise, as compared to a placebo containing negligible quantities of caffeine and protein.
Finally, consumption of the energy drink had no demonstrable effect on RER, suggesting that changes in substrate utilization resulting from consumption were likely minimal. In contrast to several previous studies, analysis of the performance data collected during this investigation revealed no significant between-condition differences for leg press one-repetition maximum, leg press repetitions to fatigue, eccentric or concentric force production during isokinetic testing, maximal isometric force production at and degrees of knee extension, and RFD characteristics at both and degrees of knee extension.
Because caffeine has been shown to be the primary mediator of the acute ergogenic effects of energy drinks [ 4 ], the results of the present study may be explained by the amount of caffeine consumed by participants prior to performance testing or the specific performance outcomes examined.
Based on mean bodyweight, the male and female participants in the present study received acute doses of approximately 3. Interestingly, the null results of the present study align with an earlier investigation with similar performance outcomes conducted by our lab group [ 32 ].
In summary, it is possible that a greater acute dose of caffeine may be necessary for ergogenic effects to be detected using the performance outcomes employed in the present study or that caffeine has limited ergogenic value in the particular context of this study.
While the participants in the present study were habitual caffeine consumers, it is unclear if this would influence the ergogenic effects of caffeine on resistance exercise [ 29 ]. Importantly, the notable differences between the laboratory and free-living settings should also be considered, particularly given the strong encouragement provided by researchers during all performance testing in the present study.
As hypothesized, EE was significantly increased immediately following ingestion of the caffeine and protein-containing energy drink, and remained elevated above baseline following the exercise bout.
However, significant between-condition differences in RER were not detected, indicating that the proportions of carbohydrate and fat being oxidized were not measurably affected by consumption of the energy drink or placebo. However, the difference in protein content of the energy drink and placebo beverage, as well as the differential caffeine content, should be taken into consideration when interpreting these values.
Importantly, EE in the energy drink condition was found to be approximately 0. These results align with the findings of previous studies which reported significant elevations in EE following consumption of caffeine-containing energy drinks [ 11 , 12 , 13 ] as well as those which administered supplemental protein prior to exercise [ 15 , 16 , 17 ].
Several physiological mechanisms are responsible for these results. In addition to the well-documented thermogenic effects of caffeine [ 33 , 34 ], it is highly likely that the whey and milk protein found in the product also contributed to the acute increases in metabolic rate observed by the present investigation.
Because protein requires more energy to digest, absorb, and utilize compared to carbohydrates or fats [ 35 ], postprandial dietary thermogenesis has been shown to be higher following consumption of protein-rich foods compared to lower-protein controls [ 36 ].
However, without caffeine and protein-matched placebo conditions, it is not possible to accurately estimate the relative thermogenic contributions of each component of the energy drink used in the present study.
This limitation of the present investigation prevents the direct evaluation of different ingredients and macronutrient profiles on acute metabolic outcomes.
As such, the practical applications of the present investigation pertain primarily to consuming vs. not consuming a caffeine- and protein-containing beverage for energy expenditure and resistance exercise performance outcomes.
This could be relevant to those intentionally training with low carbohydrate availability and considering whether to exercise in a fasted state as compared to after an ingestion of a caffeinated, low-carbohydrate, high-protein beverage.
The present investigation demonstrated that the acute consumption of a caffeine and protein-containing energy drink resulted in significantly increased resting and post-exercise energy expenditure compared to placebo, though some degree of this effect should be attributed to caloric differences between conditions per se.
Similarly, the energy drink exerted minimal effects on maximal force production, muscular endurance, and rate of force development compared to placebo within the context of this study. These results suggest that active individuals may improve acute metabolic outcomes both before and after exercise via consumption of a caffeine- and protein-containing energy drink.
Additional information is needed regarding the effects of similar interventions on upper-body muscular performance as well as measures of sport-specific performance.
Future investigations could include energy-matched conditions as well as protein and caffeine-matched placebo conditions to determine the direct contribution of caffeine and macronutrient composition on acute metabolic outcomes.
The datasets used during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. Kreider RB. Current perspectives of caffeinated energy drinks on exercise performance and safety assessment. Nutr Diet Suppl. Article CAS Google Scholar. Hoyte C, Albert D, Heard K.
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American Express. Apple Pay. Diners Club. Google Pay. Shop Pay. Bari-Trim - Quick Trim Away This product is a natural supplement designed to promote weight loss. KLB-5 KLB-5 is a supplement designed to enhance weight loss by boosting metabolism and promoting the breakdown of fats in the body.
ThermoCaps ThermoCaps is a potent supplement designed to boost metabolism with a proprietary blend of botanical and nutritional ingredients. Power Boost Power Boost is a potent supplement designed to elevate your metabolism and energy levels. Many energy drinks boast zero-sugar options made with natural sweeteners like stevia and monk fruit extract, which provide the same sweetness without the associated calories.
Finally, consider an energy drink with natural ingredients and vitamins. Many herbal supplements have been shown to aid in weight loss, such as green tea and guarana. B-vitamins are also essential for maintaining healthy metabolism levels and for overall health. Always look for an energy drink that contains these natural ingredients in addition to caffeine for a well-rounded boost of energy that can also help promote your weight loss goals.
By taking into account all of these factors, you can find an energy drink that not only provides an effective boost of energy but also helps you reach your weight loss goals while maintaining a balanced diet.
This product is a high-quality energy drink that contains amino acids, B vitamins, and antioxidants. It also has e lectrolytes for hydration, is sugar free, has BCAA, and is Keto friendly! It helps to reduce calories while providing maximum energy and endurance to burn more calories than you normally do.
This is my personal go-to. You can get it in powder form or you can buy it by the can. I, personally, buy a 24 pack for the convenience. It gives me a ton of energy and keeps me going during my workout. It only has 5 calories and has mg of caffeine with no added sugar.
This is the best I have found. Optimum Nutrition Amino Energy Drink. Celsius is an excellent energy drink that contains green tea extract and contains no sugar or carbs. It also contains vitamins B and C, along with chromium, which supports healthy blood sugar levels.
It enhances metabolism, which means that your body can burn calories at a faster rate. You can consume Celsius before a workout or in the morning to get an energy boost for the day.
Also, it only has 10 calories per can so it is a simple addition to a healthy diet. CELSIUS Assorted Flavors. For those looking for a low-calorie and sugar-free energy drink, Red Bull Total Zero is the perfect choice.
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