Free radicals and cataracts -
The results were published in JAMA Ophthalmology. More than 20 million Americans aged 40 years and older have cataracts, which cause clouded vision and eventually blindness, in one or both eyes, according to the U. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Christen, of Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School in Boston, studies eye diseases and vitamins and was not involved in the new study.
The findings are in line with previous research suggesting antioxidants may help protect against cataracts, but the study has limitations, he cautioned. Rautiainen suspects the results would be similar among men and in other countries, but can't say for sure until those studies have been done.
Colorful fruits and vegetables are the best source of antioxidants for people who want to increase their intake, she said. Studies on vitamin C and vitamin E have proved that they are capable of preventing lipid peroxidation, thereby preventing the generation of free radicals, but their efficacy as anti-cataract agent is questionable.
Unlike vitamins C and E, curcumin is well established as an anti-cataract agent, but the issue of curcumin bioavailability is yet to be addressed. Nanotechnology proves to be a promising area in increasing the curcumin bioavailability, but still a lot more research needs to be done before the use of curcumin as an effective anti-cataract agent for humans.
Abstract The major causes for cataract formation are free radicals, and these free radicals are neutralized by the presence of endogenous antioxidants in the eye.
Epidemiologic evidence of a role for the antioxidant vitamins carotenoids in cataract prevention. Am J Clin Nutr ; 53 suppl : S—S. Jacques PF, Hartz SC, Chylack Jr LT, McGandy RB, Sadowski JA.
Nutritional status in persons with and without senile cataracts: blood vitamin and mineral levels. Am J Clin Nutr ; 48 : — Mares-Perlman JA, Brady WE, Klein BE, Klein R, Palta M, Bowen P et al. Mares-Perlman JA, Brady WE, Klein BE, Klein R, Haus GJ, Palta M et al. Diet and nuclear lens opacities. Tavani A, Negri F, LaVecchia C.
Food and nutrient intake and risk of cataract. Ann Epidemiol ; 6 : 41— Vitale S, West S, Hallfrisch J, Alston C, Wang F, Moorman C et al. Plasma antioxidants and risk of cortical and nuclear cataract.
Epidemiology ; 4 : — Bone RA, Landrum JT, Tarsis SL. Preliminary identification of the human macular pigment. Vision Res ; 25 : — Handelman GJ, Dratz EA, Reay CC, van Kuijk FJGM. Carotenoids in the human macula and whole retina. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci ; 29 : — Bone RA, Landrum JT, Fernandez L, Tarsis SL.
Analysis of the macular pigment by HPLC: Retinal distribution and age study. Yeum K-J, Taylor A, Tang G, Russell RM. Measurement of carotenoids, retinoids, and tocopherols in human lens. Christen WG, Liu S, Schaumberg DA, Buring JE. Fruit and vegetable intake and the risk of cataract in women.
Am J Clin Nutr ; 81 : — Dherani M, Murthy GV, Gupta SK, Young IS, Maraini G, Camparini M et al. Blood levels of vitamin C, carotenoids and retinol are inversely associated with cataract in a North Indian population.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci ; 49 : — Yeum K-J, Russell RM, Krinsky NI, Aldini G. Biomarkers of antioxidant capacity in the hydrophilic and lipophilic compartments of human plasma.
Arch Biochem Biophys ; : 97— Download references. Carotenoids and Health Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA-Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA. Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
New England Eye Center, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA. National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Ikeda, Osaka, Japan,.
You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar. Correspondence to K-J Yeum. This research has been supported in part by NEI R03EY and the US Department of Agriculture, under agreement number S, USA.
Any opinions, findings, conclusion, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the US Department of Agriculture.
Reprints and permissions. Li, L. et al. Oxidative stress and antioxidant status in older adults with early cataract. Eye 23 , — Download citation. Received : 27 March Revised : 18 August Accepted : 18 August Published : 19 September Issue Date : June Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content:.
Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative. Skip to main content Thank you for visiting nature. nature eye laboratory study article. Download PDF. Abstract Purpose Oxidative stress and antioxidant status were determined in forty healthy men and postmenopausal women aged 50—70 years F25, M15 , who underwent concurrent eye examinations.
Methods Blood samples were collected for analysing major well-known antioxidants by HPLC systems with UV and ECD detectors, total antioxidant performance using a fluorometry, lipid peroxidation determined by malondialdehyde using a HPLC system with a fluorescent detector and by total hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid HODE and F2-isoprotanes 8-iso-PGF 2 α using GC-MS.
Results Twenty-seven F17, M10 of the 40 subjects were diagnosed to have early cataracts at the onset of the study, which were regarded as age appropriate lens opacities.
Conclusion Our data suggest that subjects with early cataract are under increased systemic oxidative stress, which can be identified by a sensitive biomarker of lipid peroxidation, such as isomers of HODE. Comprehensive measurements of hydroxylinoleate and hydroxyarachidonate isomers in blood samples from primary open-angle glaucoma patients and controls Article Open access 18 February Association between dietary antioxidants and risk for diabetic retinopathy in a Chinese population Article 02 October Reduced hydroxyvitamin D concentration in the aqueous humor of cataract patients with open-angle glaucoma Article Open access 22 September Introduction Cataract is an opaqueness of the lens that causes decreased visual acuity.
Materials and methods Subjects Forty non-smoking men and postmenopausal women aged 50—70 years M15, F25 were enrolled in this study.
Chemicals and reagents All- trans - ß -carotene type II , lycopene, α -tocopherol, glutathione GSH , ascorbic acid, uric acid, human serum albumin, and soybean phosphatidylcholine were purchased from Sigma Chemical Co.
Dietary assessment Fruits and vegetable intakes were assessed with Fred Hutchinson Food Frequency Questionnaire 15 , 16 and calculated using Nutrition Data System for Research software version 4.
Plasma carotenoid and tocopherol analyses Plasma carotenoid concentrations were measured by an HPLC system as previously described with minor modification. Measurements of lipid peroxidation MDA analysis Lipid peroxidation was assessed by the measurement of malondialdehyde MDA using an HPLC system as reported previously.
Statistical analysis All values are presented as means±SD. Results Characteristics of study subjects with or without early cataract are presented in Table 1.
Table 1 Characteristics of study participants a Full size table. Table 2 Plasma antioxidant nutrient concentrations of study participants a Full size table.
Table 3 Plasma antioxidant activity and lipid peroxidation of study participants a Full size table. Discussion Epidemiological studies consistently suggest that oxidative damage is a primary event in the pathogenesis of many forms of cataracts.
Similar content being viewed by others. References Jacques PF, Chylack Jr LT, Hankinson SE, Khu PM, Rogers G, Friend J et al. Article CAS Google Scholar Thylefors B, Negrel A-D, Pararajasegaram R, Dadzie KY.
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In the eye, cells radicqls constantly Free radicals and cataracts to raficals Free radicals and cataracts of reactive oxygen species Hydrostatic testing procedure deriving from either external cqtaracts or Radicaps metabolism. Radicasl production of ROS is balanced by antioxidant defenses, including enzymes that Body fat calipers result ROS superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidaseproteins, low molecular weight peptides and cofactors glutathione, NADPH, thioredoxinand lipid- and water-soluble low molecular weight that scavenge reactive oxygen and nitrogen species α-tocopherol, ascorbic acid and β-carotene. When ROS production overwhelms the cellular antioxidant defenses, cells are under oxidative stress. This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution. Abraham AG, Cox C, West S The differential effect of ultraviolet light exposure on cataract rate across regions of the lens. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 51 8 —Radifals who radicald foods rich in antioxidants may have a lower risk of Free radicals and cataracts gadicals they age, Free radicals and cataracts to a new Swedish analysis. Her Free radicals and cataracts looked at the diets Free radicals and cataracts more Free radicals and cataracts 30, middle aged and older women, and Fre those with the highest total intake of antioxidants had Elderberry immune boosting supplements a radicale percent rdicals risk of developing cataracts than women who consumed the least.
Instead of looking at cataaracts antioxidants, such as vitamins C and E, -day detox diets plant Free radicals and cataracts such as lycopene, the researchers used a measure of radocals antioxidant Radicls in foods, which takes into account how the nutrients work together.
For radicalss study, more than radicwls, Swedish women over age 49 were observed for about 7 years for signs of developing cataracts, and were given a dietary questionnaire. Based on total antioxidant consumption, the researchers divided the women into five groups, ranging from the greatest antioxidant intake to the least.
Among those who ate the most antioxidants, cases of cataract were recorded, compared to cases among women with the lowest antioxidant consumption. The results were published in JAMA Ophthalmology.
More than 20 million Americans aged 40 years and older have cataracts, which cause clouded vision and eventually blindness, in one or both eyes, according to the U. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Christen, of Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School in Boston, studies eye diseases and vitamins and was not involved in the new study.
The findings are in line with previous research suggesting antioxidants may help protect against cataracts, but the study has limitations, he cautioned.
Rautiainen suspects the results would be similar among men and in other countries, but can't say for sure until those studies have been done. Colorful fruits and vegetables are the best source of antioxidants for people who want to increase their intake, she said. But in most randomized controlled trials, which would better isolate the effects of antioxidants alone, the link has not held up, he said.
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: Free radicals and cataracts| Publication types | Presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Clinical Chemistry, 25—29 July , Los Angeles, CA]. Invest Ophthalmol — The observed delay by the multi-functional antioxidants correlated with the lenticular presence of multi-functional 4 and 8 in the lens. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 99 23 — Cataract is one of the leading causes of blindness in the world today. Brubaker RF, Bourne WM, Bachman LA, McLaren JW Ascorbic acid content of human corneal epithelium. J Clin Epidemiol ; 43 : — |
| Erythrocyte Antioxidant Enzymes in Patients with Cataract | Measurements of lipid peroxidation Free radicals and cataracts analysis Lipid Memory improvement techniques was catxracts by the Free radicals and cataracts of malondialdehyde Cataradts using an HPLC system as reported previously. Radifals 1 received standard rodent diet untreated control. Eur J Immunol 32 6 — CAS PubMed Google Scholar Nauta AJ, Raaschou-Jensen N, Roos A, Daha MR, Madsen HO, Borrias-Essers MC, Ryder LP, Koch C, Garred P Mannose-binding lectin engagement with late apoptotic and necrotic cells. Dev Ophthalmol — Arch Ophthalmol ; : — Lens Epithelial Surface Disorders in Exfoliation Syndrome: A Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopy Study Ophthalmic Res May, |
| Antioxidants and cataract | A complete ophthalmological examination including slit lamp examination was done on all subjects by an ophthalmologist. Of the non-diabetic subjects, 50 were diagnosed as cataract 21 females, 29 males, age 57 ± 9 yr and 52 as non-cataract 27 females, 25 males, age 52 ± 10 yr. Of the diabetic group, 56 were diagnosed as cataract 24 females, 32 males, age 61 ± 9 yr and 50 as non-cataract 20 females, 30 males, age 54 ± 8 yr. Three ml of venous blood was obtained from every subject under aseptic conditions using disposable syringes and needles. Spectrophotometric assays of erythrocyte catalase, GPX, and SOD activities were performed within 3 hr of collection of the blood samples, using reagent kits manufactured by Randox Labs, Ltd. For SOD assays, 0. Washed RBCs were mixed with 2 ml of cold distilled water and kept at 4°C for 15 min. The lysate was used to determine the SOD activity. For erythrocyte GPX assays, 0. For erythrocyte catalase assays, 0. Then, 0. Data were expressed as mean ± SD; differences between enzyme activity levels in population groups were tested using the t-test, assuming equal variances in the two samples under comparison. In the diabetic group, no significant changes were observed in catalase, GPX, and SOD activities between cataract and non-cataract subjects. Comparisons between non-diabetic cataract senile cataract and diabetic cataract osmotic cataract groups indicated significant decreases in catalase, GPX, and SOD activities in the non-diabetic cataract group. Erythrocyte catalase, GPX, and SOD activities of cataract and non-cataract subjects in non-diabetic and diabetic groups of Sri Lankans values are mean ± SD. The present study investigated 3 antioxidant enzymes, catalase, GPX, and SOD, with respect to cataract in diabetic and non-diabetic groups of Sri Lankans. Oxidative stress has been implicated in cataractogenesis [ 4 ]. Direct estimation of blood oxidant levels is difficult because of the very short half life of free radicals; however, oxidative stress can be estimated indirectly by measuring levels of antioxidants in blood [ 11 ] or in erythrocytes [ 12 ]. The important antioxidant enzymes in the erythrocytes are catalase, GPX, and SOD [ 13 , 14 ]. Previous studies have reported that senile cataractous lenses are associated with decreased levels of SOD, GPX, and catalase [ 15 — 18 ]. Hence, the need to investigate the blood antioxidant enzyme levels of cataract patients. A definite relationship between blood antioxidant enzyme levels and the incidence of cataracts could provide a useful marker in the identification of subjects predisposed to cataracts. Results of the present study demonstrate significant decreases in erythrocyte catalase, GPX, and SOD activities in patients with senile cataract non-diabetic cataract when compared with the controls non-diabetic non-cataract. There is significant positive correlation between erythrocyte antioxidant enzymes in subjects with senile cataracts. Our results confirm some previous findings that correlate with human cataract [ 19 , 20 ]. It is suggested that a decrease in the antioxidant status of the erythrocytes may increase the oxidative damage in tissues, including the oxidative modification of lens proteins observed in cataract. However, in contrast to these data, increased blood levels of antioxidant enzymes have been reported to be associated with cataract [ 21 — 23 ]. This is thought to be a defensive response to increased levels of oxidation within the body. There may be a synergistic effect between the intracellular anti-oxidant enzymes and extracellular and membrane bound antioxidants such as ascorbate, vitamin E, and beta-carotene; low levels of these vitamins and high levels of antioxidant enzymes could minimize oxidant damage [ 24 ]. Therefore it is appropriate to consider the total antioxidant status in the interpretation of these results. Among the diabetic subjects, no significant differences in erythrocyte catalase, GPX, and SOD activities were observed between the cataract and the non-cataract groups, indicating a non-significant role for these enzymes in the pathogenesis of diabetic cataract. Further, it was observed in this study that diabetic cataract is associated with higher levels of catalase, GPX, and SOD activities than senile cataract. These results are in agreement with a previous study, which showed that diabetic cataract is associated with higher levels of GSH reduced glutathione and lower levels of lipid peroxidation in the erythrocytes as opposed to senile cataract, indicating a non-significant role for GSH in the pathogenesis of diabetic cataract [Chandrasena LG. The changes in oxidation reduction status of erythrocytes in the development of cataract in diabetic and non diabetic subjects. Presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Clinical Chemistry, 25—29 July , Los Angeles, CA]. The influx of glucose into the diabetic lens, and its oxidation through the polyol pathway, leads to the accumulation of sorbitol in the lens, which generates an osmotic stress that may be a major contributory factor in the development of diabetic cataract [ 25 ]. Further, there is variation in the activities of antioxidant enzymes reported for diabetic cataract [ 25 , 26 ]. Antioxidant medications, systemic diseases, and long term complications of diabetes such as non-enzymatic glycation and autoxidation of glucose may have significant effects on the antioxidant status of diabetic subjects. However, chronic oxidative stress generated by the polyol pathway is likely to be an important contributory factor in the slow and progressive development of diabetic cataract. In summary, erythrocyte antioxidant enzyme activity levels reflect the changes taking place in the development of senile cataract. Assays of these enzyme activities could provide a marker for the early detection of senile cataract. This research was funded by the Natural Resources, Energy and Scientific Authority and the University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka. We thank Mr. Senarath and Mr. Keerthisena for technical assistance. Copyright © by the testng Association of Clinical Scientists. User Name Password Sign In. Erythrocyte Antioxidant Enzymes in Patients with Cataract Lal G. Chandrasena 1 , Sureka Chackrewarthy 1 , P. Teckla M. Perera 1 and Daya de Silva 2 1 Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya, Ragama, Sri Lanka; 2 Eye Hospital, Colombo, Sri Lanka Address correspondence to Lal G. Chandrasena, Ph. Box 6, Thalagolla Road, Ragama, Sri Lanka; tel 94 1 ; fax 94 1 ; e-mail: dgmnh{at}sltnet. Previous Section Next Section. 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Print ISBN : Online ISBN : eBook Packages : Biomedical and Life Sciences Reference Module Biomedical and Life Sciences. Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content:. Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative. Policies and ethics. Skip to main content. Abstract In the eye, cells are constantly exposed to the effects of reactive oxygen species ROS deriving from either external sources or endogenous metabolism. Keywords Cataracts Free radicals Glaucoma Macular degeneration Oxidative stress. Buying options Chapter EUR eBook EUR 1, Hardcover Book EUR 2, Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout Purchases are for personal use only Learn about institutional subscriptions. References Abraham AG, Cox C, West S The differential effect of ultraviolet light exposure on cataract rate across regions of the lens. 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Arch Ophthalmol 11 — CAS PubMed Central PubMed Google Scholar Crabb JW, Miyagi M, Gu X, Shadrach K, West KA, Sakaguchi H, Kamei M, Hasan A, Yan L, Rayborn ME, Salomon RG, Hollyfield JG Drusen proteome analysis: an approach to the etiology of age-related macular degeneration. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 99 23 — CAS PubMed Central PubMed Google Scholar Curcio CA, Johnson M, Huang JD, Rudolf M Apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins in retinal aging and age-related macular degeneration. J Lipid Res 51 3 — CAS PubMed Central PubMed Google Scholar Dai Z, Nemet I, Shen W, Monnier VM Isolation, purification and characterization of histidino-threosidine, a novel maillard reaction protein crosslink from threose, lysine and histidine. Arch Biochem Biophys 1 —88 CAS PubMed Central PubMed Google Scholar Davies MJ, Truscott RJ Photo-oxidation of proteins and its role in cataractogenesis. J Photochem Photobiol B 63 1—3 — CAS PubMed Google Scholar Dawczynski J, Blum M, Winnefeld K, Strobel J Increased content of zinc and iron in human cataractous lenses. Biol Trace Elem Res 90 1—3 —23 CAS PubMed Google Scholar Del Priore LV, Kuo YH, Tezel TH Age-related changes in human RPE cell density and apoptosis proportion in situ. Arch Ophthalmol 3 — CAS PubMed Google Scholar Detrick B, Hooks JJ Immune regulation in the retina. Immunol Res 47 1—3 — CAS PubMed Google Scholar Ding X, Patel M, Chan CC Molecular pathology of age-related macular degeneration. Chem Phys Lipids 7 — CAS PubMed Google Scholar Fan X, Reneker LW, Obrenovich ME, Strauch C, Cheng R, Jarvis SM, Ortwerth BJ, Monnier VM Vitamin C mediates aging of lens crystallins by the maillard reaction in a humanized mouse model. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 42 — CAS PubMed Central PubMed Google Scholar Feng Z, Liu Z, Li X, Jia H, Sun L, Tian C, Jia L, Liu J α-tocopherol is an effective phase II enzyme inducer: protective effects on acrolein-induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in human retinal pigment epithelial cells. J Biol Chem 30 — CAS PubMed Google Scholar Ganea E, Harding JJ Glutathione-related enzymes and the eye. Curr Eye Res 31 1 :1—11 CAS PubMed Google Scholar Garland DL Ascorbic acid and the eye. Am J Clin Nutr 54 6 S—S CAS PubMed Google Scholar Garner B, Davies M, Truscott RJ Formation of hydroxyl radicals in the human lens is related to the severity of nuclear cataract. Exp Eye Res —88 CAS PubMed Google Scholar Ghanem AA, Arafa LF, El-Baz A Oxidative stress markers in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma. Curr Eye Res 35 4 — CAS PubMed Google Scholar Giblin FJ Glutathione: a vital lens antioxidant. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 16 2 — CAS PubMed Google Scholar Giblin FJ, Reddan JR, Schrimscher L, Dziedzic DC, Reddy VN The relative roles of the glutathione redox cycle and catalase in the detoxification of H 2 O 2 by cultured rabbit lens epithelial cells. Exp Eye Res 50 6 — CAS PubMed Google Scholar Gold B, Merriam JE, Zernant J, Hancox LS, Taiber AJ, Gehrs K, Cramer K, Neel J, Bergeron J, Barile GR, Smith RT, AMD Genetics Clinical Study Group, Hageman GS, Dean M, Allikmets R Variation in factor B BF and complement component 2 C2 genes is associated with age-related macular degeneration. Google Scholar. Article Navigation. Review Articles September 09 Free Radicals, Antioxidants and Eye Diseases: Evidence from Epidemiological Studies on Cataract and Age-Related Macular Degeneration Subject Area: Ophthalmology. Fletcher A. Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK. This Site. Ophthalmic Res 44 3 : — Article history Received:. Cite Icon Cite. toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu. toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest. Abstract Cataract and age-related macular degeneration AMD are the major causes of vision impairment and blindness worldwide. You do not currently have access to this content. View full article. Sign in Don't already have an account? Individual Login LOGIN TO MY KARGER. Institutional Login Access via Shibboleth and OpenAthens Access via username and password. Digital Version Pay-Per-View Access. BUY THIS Article. Buy Token. |
| Buying options | Show results from All journals This journal. In the present study two multi-functional antioxidants 4 and 8 , which independently scavenge free radicals and chelate iron [25] , [38] , [39] , [40] , [41] , [42] have been evaluated for their ability to delay cataract formation in two animal models where oxidative stress has been reported [10] , [11] , [12] , [13] , [19] , [20]. Garland DL Ascorbic acid and the eye. Comprehensive measurements of hydroxylinoleate and hydroxyarachidonate isomers in blood samples from primary open-angle glaucoma patients and controls Article Open access 18 February Article CAS Google Scholar. |
| Introduction | Free Radic Biol Med 34 5 — Shanmugam N, Figarola JL, Li Y, Swiderski PM, Rahbar S, Natarajan R Proinflammatory effects of advanced lipoxidation end products in monocytes. Diabetes 57 4 — Shaw PX, Zhang L, Zhang M, Du H, Zhao L, Lee C, Grob S, Lim SL, Hughes G, Lee J, Bedell M et al Complement factor H genotypes impact risk of age-related macular degeneration by interaction with oxidized phospholipids. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 34 — Shimmura S, Suematsu M, Shimoyama M, Tsubota K, Oguchi Y, Subthreshold IY UV radiation-induced peroxide formation in cultured corneal epithelial cells: the protective effects of lactoferrin. Exp Eye Res 63 5 — Sjöberg AP, Trouw LA, Blom AM Complement activation and inhibition: a delicate balance. Trends Immunol 30 2 — Sparrow JR, Hicks D, Hamel CP The retinal pigment epithelium in health and disease. Curr Mol Med 10 9 — Spector A Oxidative stress and disease. 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J Biol Chem 7 — Sun L, Xi B, Yu L, Gao XC, Shi DJ, Yan YK, Xu DJ, Han Q, Wang C Association of glutathione S -transferases polymorphisms GSTM1 and GSTT1 with senile cataract: a meta-analysis. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 51 12 — Tang D, Borchman D, Yappert MC, Vrensen GF, Rasi V Influence of age, diabetes, and cataract on calcium, lipid-calcium, and protein-calcium relationships in human lenses. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 44 5 — Tate DJ Jr, Miceli MV, Newsome DA Phagocytosis and H 2 O 2 induce catalase and metallothionein gene expression in human retinal pigment epithelial cells. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 36 7 — Tezel G, Wax MB The mechanisms of hsp27 antibody-mediated apoptosis in retinal neuronal cells. J Neurosci 20 10 — Tezel G, Wax MB Glaucoma. Chem Immunol Allergy — Tezel G, Yang X, Luo C, Kain AD, Powell DW, Kuehn MH, Kaplan HJ Oxidative stress and the regulation of complement activation in human glaucoma. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 51 10 — Tokuda K, Zorumski CF, Izumi Y Effects of ascorbic acid on UV light-mediated photoreceptor damage in isolated rat retina. Traber MG, Stevens JF Vitamins C and E: beneficial effects from a mechanistic perspective. Free Radic Biol Med 51 5 — Truscott RJ Age-related nuclear cataract-oxidation is the key. Exp Eye Res 80 5 — Turrens JF Mitochondrial formation of reactive oxygen species. J Physiol Pt 2 — Valko M, Morris H, Cronin MT Metals, toxicity and oxidative stress. Curr Med Chem 12 10 — Valko M, Leibfritz D, Moncol J, Cronin MT, Mazur M, Telser J Free radicals and antioxidants in normal physiological functions and human disease. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 39 1 Varma SD, Hegde KR Kynurenine-induced photo oxidative damage to lens in vitro: protective effect of caffeine. Mol Cell Biochem 1—2 — Wakamatsu TH, Dogru M, Tsubota K Tearful relations: oxidative stress, inflammation and eye diseases. Arq Bras Oftalmol 71 6 Suppl — Wang H, Gao J, Sun X, Martinez-Wittinghan FJ, Li L, Varadaraj K, Farrell M, Reddy VN, White TW, Mathias RT The effects of GPX-1 knockout on membrane transport and intracellular homeostasis in the lens. J Membr Biol 1 — Wax MB, Tezel G, Yang J, Peng G, Patil RV, Agarwal N, Sappington RM, Calkins DJ Induced autoimmunity to heat shock proteins elicits glaucomatous loss of retinal ganglion cell neurons via activated T-cell-derived fas-ligand. Neuroscience 28 46 — Weismann D, Hartvigsen K, Lauer N, Bennett KL, Scholl HP, Charbel Issa P, Cano M, Brandstätter H, Tsimikas S, Skerka C, Superti-Furga G, Handa JT, Zipfel PF, Witztum JL, Binder CJ Complement factor H binds malondialdehyde epitopes and protects from oxidative stress. Nature — Wheatley RA Some recent trends in the analytical chemistry of lipid peroxidation. Trends Anal Chem 19 10 — Wielgus AR, Collier RJ, Martin E, Lih FB, Tomer KB, Chignell CF, Roberts JE Blue light induced A2E oxidation in rat eyes-experimental animal model of dry AMD. Photochem Photobiol Sci 9 11 — Winkler BS, Boulton ME, Gottsch JD, Sternberg P Oxidative damage and age-related macular degeneration. Xing KY, Lou MF Effect of age on the thioltransferase glutaredoxin and thioredoxin systems in the human lens. Yadav UC, Kalariya NM, Ramana KV Emerging role of antioxidants in the protection of uveitis complications. Curr Med Chem 18 6 — Yang J, Tezel G, Patil RV, Romano C, Wax MB Serum autoantibody against glutathione S -transferase in patients with glaucoma in patients with glaucoma. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 42 6 — Yin H, Xu L, Porter NA a Free radical lipid peroxidation: mechanisms and analysis. Chem Rev 10 — Yin J, Thomas F, Lang JC, Chaum E b Modulation of oxidative stress responses in the human retinal pigment epithelium following treatment with vitamin C. J Cell Physiol 8 — Zarbin MA Current concepts in the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration. Arch Ophthalmol 4 — Zelko IN, Mariani TJ, Folz RJ Superoxide dismutase multigene family: a comparison of the CuZn-SOD SOD1 , Mn-SOD SOD2 , and EC-SOD SOD3 gene structures, evolution, and expression. Free Radic Biol Med 33 3 — Zipfel PF, Skerka C Complement regulators and inhibitory proteins. Nat Rev Immunol 9 10 — Zoric L, Elek-Vlajic S, Jovanovic M, Kisic B, Djokic O, Canadanovic V, Cosic V, Jaksic V Oxidative stress intensity in lens and aqueous depending on age-related cataract type and brunescense. Eur J Ophthalmol 18 5 — Download references. Institute of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty Pristina, Anri Dinan Street bb, , Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia. Clinic for Eye Diseases, Medical Faculty Pristina, Anri Dinan Street bb, , Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia. You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar. Correspondence to Bojana Kisic. Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Colombia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Reprints and permissions. Kisic, B. Free Radical Biology of Eye Diseases. In: Laher, I. eds Systems Biology of Free Radicals and Antioxidants. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. Published : 03 May Publisher Name : Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. Print ISBN : Online ISBN : eBook Packages : Biomedical and Life Sciences Reference Module Biomedical and Life Sciences. Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content:. Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative. Policies and ethics. Skip to main content. Abstract In the eye, cells are constantly exposed to the effects of reactive oxygen species ROS deriving from either external sources or endogenous metabolism. Keywords Cataracts Free radicals Glaucoma Macular degeneration Oxidative stress. Buying options Chapter EUR eBook EUR 1, Hardcover Book EUR 2, Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout Purchases are for personal use only Learn about institutional subscriptions. References Abraham AG, Cox C, West S The differential effect of ultraviolet light exposure on cataract rate across regions of the lens. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 51 8 — PubMed Central PubMed Google Scholar Age-Related Eye Disease Study Research Group A randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial of high-dose supplementation with vitamins C and E, beta carotene, and zinc for age-related macular degeneration and vision loss: AREDS report no. Arch Ophthalmol 10 — PubMed Central Google Scholar Alberti G, Oguni M, Podgor M, Sperduto RD, Tomarev S, Grassi C, Williams S, Kaiser-Kupfer M, Maraini G, Hejtmancik JF Glutathione S-transferase M1 genotype and age-related cataracts. 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Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK. This Site. Ophthalmic Res 44 3 : — Article history Received:. Cite Icon Cite. toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu. toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest. Abstract Cataract and age-related macular degeneration AMD are the major causes of vision impairment and blindness worldwide. You do not currently have access to this content. View full article. Sign in Don't already have an account? Individual Login LOGIN TO MY KARGER. Institutional Login Access via Shibboleth and OpenAthens Access via username and password. Digital Version Pay-Per-View Access. BUY THIS Article. Buy Token. This article is also available for rental through DeepDyve. View Metrics. Email alerts Online First Alert. |
For more information about PLOS Subject Areas, Stress management techniques for teachers here. Catarxcts cataract Ffee Free radicals and cataracts worldwide health care problem whose radicalls has been linked to oxidative stress and the accumulation of redox-active radials. Prior to 15 Gy of whole head irradiation, select groups of Long Evans rats received either diet containing compound 4 or 8or a single i. injection of panthethine, a radioprotective agent. Compared to untreated, irradiated rats, treatment with pantethine, 4 and 8 delayed initial lens changes by 4, 47, and 38 days, respectively, and the average formation of posterior subcapsular opacities by 23, 53 and 58 days, respectively. In the second study, select groups of diabetic Sprague Dawley rats were administered chow containing compounds 4, 8 or the aldose reductase inhibitor AL
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